上海市宝山区家具制造业木工职业病危害及健康状况

目的了解上海市宝山区家具生产企业木工作业职业卫生状况。方法对10家家具厂工作场所木粉尘、噪声浓度或强度进行测定。使用调查表对家具厂中的木工的健康状况进行凋查，并收集木工职业健康检查资料进行分析。结果测定木粉尘20个作业点，超标点为4个，点合格率80％。噪声测定56个作业点，点合格率62．5％。285名木工体检结果正常者251人，正常率88．07％；检出肺部限制型通气障碍者34人，检出率11．93％；检出听力损伤69名，占24．21％；对100名木工和80名不接触职业病危害因素的对照组人员进行健康状况调查问卷，木工组职业性伤害、肌肉骨骼疾病、呼吸道疾病发生率均高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论家具制造业应加强对木工的职业卫生防护，对作业场所加强通风除尘，保证个人防护用品的监督使用，做好职业健康监护，并开展健康促进，做好工伤和职业多发疾病的预防工作。

Occupational Hazards and Health Situation of Woodworkers in Furniture Industry in Baoshan District of Shanghai City

Objective ] To learn the occupational health situation of woodworkers in woodworking places of furniture industry. Methods] Wood dust and noise in woodworking places of 10 furniture factories were measured, and the health situation of woodworkers was investigated with questionnaires. Woodworkers＇health examination results were collected and analyzed. Results ] The concentrations of wood dust in 4 sites out of 20 were above the occupational exposure limit, the qualified rate was 80%. The qualified rate of noise was 62.5% in 56 sites. According to health examination results, 251 （ 88.07% ） of 285 woodworkers were normal, 34 （11.93%） workers were found with limited ventilation impairment in lungs, 24.21% of workers were found with hearing lose. Health questionnaires were carried through 100 woodworkers and 80 non- occupational hazards controls. The results show that the incidence of occupational injury, muscle and bones diseases, respiratory diseases of woodworkers were higher than those of the control group, the difference was significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion] Furniture industry should strengthen the occupational protection of woodworkers, improve the ventilation of woodworking places, and insure the using of individual protection materials, carry out the monitoring of occupational health and develop health promotion, prevent job injury and occupational disease.