早产儿视网膜病变高危因素的多因素分析

目的 探讨早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的发生及其危险因素.方法 对2006年7月1日～2007年2月1日期间在北京军区总医院收治的125例早产儿和20例足月新生儿定期进行眼底检查,根据ROP国际分期标准进行ROP的诊断和分期.结果 125例早产儿中ROP的患病率为6.4%,对照组足月新生儿未发生ROP.出生体质量≤2000 g的早产儿ROP患病率显著高于出生体质量＞2000 g的早产儿(x2=6.42,P=0.01),孕周≤32周组的早产儿ROP患病率(17.5%,7/40)显著高于孕周＞32周的早产儿(1.1%,1/85,x2=9.52,P=0.002).孕周(OR=0.865,P=0.038)和出生体质量(OR=0.768,p=0.042)与ROP的发生相关性最高,未发现吸氧、机械通气、使用消炎痛、输血和母亲病情与ROP发生有相关性.结论 早产儿ROP的患病率高于正常足月新生儿,孕周越短、出生体质量越低,ROP患病率越高.应定期检查早产儿眼底可早期发现ROP.

A multivariate analysis of prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: This investigation involved 125 premature infants admitted in the neonate intensive unit between July 1st, 2006 and Feb 1st, 2007, who were less than 37 weeks of postconceptional age, or more than 37 weeks but with birth weight <2500 g. At the fourth postnatal week or the corrected gestational age of 32 to 34 weeks, the infants underwent ROP examination of both eyes using RetCam digital retinal camera. Diagnosis and staging of ROP were established according to the international guidelines, with another 20 full-term infants as the control group. RESULTS: All the 125 infants completed the follow up. The prevalence of ROP in the premature group was 6.4%, while no ROP was found in the control group. Of the premature infants, the prevalence of ROP in infants with birth weight