日本血吸虫循环抗原动态消长的实验研究

目的：了解日本血吸虫三类循环抗原（CAg）在感染家兔的动态变化及治疗后的消长情况。方法：制备日本血吸虫的三株单抗，以辣根过氧化物酶标记，分别建立检测日本血吸虫肠相关抗原（GAA）、膜相关抗原（MAA）和可溶性虫卵抗原（SEA）的斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（dot－ELISA），观察感染日本血吸虫家兔血中三类抗原的动态变化情况。结果：家兔感染后第4wk，有39％家兔血中GAA呈阳性反应，而仅8．6％家兔MAA、SEA呈阳性反应，第8wk三类CAg均呈阳性反应，并于第10wk左右达高峰。未治疗组家兔直至感染后第27wk，血中三类CAg一直维持较高水平。感染后第9wk家兔接受吡喹酮治疗，治疗后第4wk，CAg水平开始下降，治疗后第6wk有10％家兔SEA阴转，治疗后第8wk，GAA阴转率为20％，SEA为70％，MAA为80％，治疗后第14wk除1例外，三类CAg全部阴转。结论：GAA早期诊断效果较好，而MAA和SEA在治疗后较GAA消失快，三类CAg的诊断和疗效考核价值不相同

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON DYNAMIC CHANGES OF CIRCULATING ANTIGENS OF SCHISTOSOMAJAPONICUM IN INFECTED RABBITS *

AIM: To observe the dynamic changes and disappearance of three kinds of schistosome circulating antigens(CAgs) in infected rabbits before and after praziquantel treatment. METHODS: Dot-ELISA assays were developed by using 3 McAbs to determine the dynamic changes of the gut-associated antigen (GAA), membrane-associated antigen (MAA) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) respectively in sera of rabbits infected with S. japonicum. RESULTS: By the 4th week after infection 39% of the rabbits infected with S. japonicum were GAA positive and only 8.6% were MAA or SEA positive. All the infected rabbits becOme positive with GAA, MAA and SEA by the 8th week after infection. The titers of the GAA, MAA and SEA in sera of the infected rabbits reached their peaks by the 10th week after infection. Titers from rabbits of the untreated group rabbits remained high level until the 27th week after infection. SEA titers were found negative in 10% of the infected rabbits in the treatment group by the 6th week after treatment. The titers of GAA of, MAA' and SEA were found negative in 20%, 80% and 70% of the rabbits in the treatment group, respectively the 8th after treatment. GAA, MAA and SEA in sera except one of the treated rabbits were all negative by the 14th week after treatment. CONCLUSION: The determination of GAA is useful for the early diagnosis of schistosomiasis, while the determination of, MAA and SEA might be used for the efficacy evaluation.