湖南省基本消灭丝虫病后的监测

目的：探讨自1986年湖南省达到基本消灭丝虫病后该病残存传染源消长规律及传播作用。方法：应用常规方法进行病原学、蚊媒和血清学纵向、横向监测以及流动人口监测，对薄弱环节采取适当的巩固措施。结果：在55个县（市）的横向监测中，末次检出微丝蚴阳性者系于1993年，蚊媒监测已有12年未查见人体幼丝虫感染蚊。血清学（IFAT）监测，平均人群抗体阳性率从1987年的13．15％至1996年降为1．06％，与非流行区人群水平相似。5个县（市）6个纵向监测点连续10－17年的观察结果，检获的11例残存微丝蚴血症者，有10例均在1－10年内阴转，另1例至14年未阴转。蚊媒监测，2个马来丝虫病监测点均未查见幼丝虫，4个班氏丝虫病监测点于第1－3年查见幼丝虫，其自然感染率为0．38％－1．98％，第4年以后均为阴性。结论：湖南省基本消灭丝虫病后残存传染源逐年减少，丝虫病传播已被阻断。

SURVEILANCE ON FILARIASIS AFTER ITS BASIC ELIMINATION IN HUNAN PROVINCE

AIM: To explore the fluctuation pattern of prevalence and to detect the residual infection in Hunan Province where filariasis had been basically eliminated since 1986. METHODS: Longitudinal surveillance and cross sectional surveillance were extensively carried out by using parasitological, entomological and serological methods in areas previously endemic for filariasis. RESULTS : In 55 counties, cross sectional surveillance on filariasis had been executed for 11-19 years. The results showed that microfilaria cases had not been found for 4 years, and filaria larvae had failed to be detected from mosquito vectors for 12 years. Serological surveillance in the population revealed that the mean positive rate of IFAT had dropped from 13 15% in 1987 to 1 06% in 1996, the latter rate being similar to that of the nonendemic area. 6 longitudinal surveillance spots in 5 counties (cities) had been observed for 10-17 years. Annual quantitative blood examination of 11 microfilariemia cases showed that 10 cases became negative in 1-10 years, and the remaining 1 case remained positive at the 14th year. A.sinensis were dissected with no filaria larvae found in 2 surveillance spots of malayan filariasis. Culex quinquefasciatus were dissected with filaria larvae found only in the first to third year, the natural infection rates were 0 38%-1 98% in 4 surveillance spots of bancroftian filariasis. CONCLUSION: Since the basic elimination of filariasis in Hunan Province in 1986, the number of residual microfilariemia cases decreased year after year, suggesting that the transmission of filalriasis has been interrup ted.