患者术前危险层次评估对降低消化道手术切口感染的作用探讨

目的 探讨患者术前危险层次评估对降低消化道手术切口感染的作用,为消化道手术的护理提供参考.方法 本院2015年1月对消化道手术患者术前进行危险层次评估,并根据危险分层采取相应的手术室干预措施,将干预措施实施后的396例消化道手术患者作为观察组;2014年1至12月常规手术室护理的359例消化道手术患者作为对照组,比较两组切口感染率.结果 对照组胆道手术、胃手术、肠道手术、上消化道穿孔手术、阑尾手术切口感染率和总感染率分别为2.22％、6.25％、18.97％、8.00％、11.04％和9.47％;观察组分别为0.00％、2.78％、6.45％、3.70％、3.91％和3.28％,观察组肠道手术、阑尾炎手术切口感染率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05).结论 术前危险层次评估可做到胸中有术,以利术中针对性感染防控,防患于未然,对降低消化道手术感染率有一定作用.

Evaluation of preoperative risk level for reducing incision infection of digestive tract surgery

Objective To investigate the effect of the evaluation of preoperative risk level for reducing the incision infection of digestive tract surgery and to provide some references for nursing care for digestive tract operation.Methods January,2015,the preoperative risk levels in patients taking digestive tract surgery at our hospital were evaluated;and corresponding intervention measures at operation room were taken according to the risk levels;396 patients undertaking the measures were set as an observation group.359 patients routinely cared from January to December,2014 were set as a control group.The incidences of incision infection were compared between these two groups.Results The incidences of the incision infections of biliary tract surgery,gastric surgery,intestinal surgery,upper gastrointestinal perforation surgery,and appendix surgery and the total incidence were 2.22％,6.25％,18.97％,8.00％,11.04％,and 9.47％ in the control group and were 0.00％,2.78％,6.45％,3.70％,3.91％,and 3.28％ in the observation group,respectively,with statistical differences (P＜0.05).Conclusions The evaluation of preoperative risk level can have some idea about the surgery beforehand and correspondingly prevent infection before too late,and decrease the incidence of infection of digestive surgery.