高血压患者踝臂指数与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的探讨高血压患者踝臂指数(ABI)与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法80例高血压患者行颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,同时测量踝部动脉和肱动脉血压,计算ABI;根据颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(AS组,n=46)和非颈动脉粥样硬化组(非AS组,n=34),比较两组的ABI变化;同时对AS组的ABI与IMT进行相关性分析。结果AS组和非AS组分别有30例(65.22%)和12例(35.29%)患者ABI减低(P<0.05),两组的ABI分别为(0.79±0.08)和(0.90±0.16),P<0.05。在AS组中,ABI减低患者的IMT较ABI正常患者明显增厚[(1.20±0.16)vs(1.10±0.10),P<0.05],经直线相关性分析,ABI与IMT呈负相关(r=-0.452,P<0.01)。结论高血压伴颈动脉粥样硬化患者ABI明显减低,ABI与IMT呈负相关,高血压患者常规测量ABI对早期发现动脉粥样硬化有重要价值。

Relationship between ankle brachial index and carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients

Objective To study the relationship between ankle-brachial index（ABI） and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension. Methods 80 patients with hypertension were underwent carotid artery duplex doppler ultrasonography as they took ankle arterial and brachial artery blood pressure,then evaluated the ABI. All cases were divided into atherosclerosis group（AS group, n=46） and no atheroselerosis group （no AS group, n = 34） by the carotid artery intima media thickness（IMT）. The changing of ABI between two groups were detected. Then taken the correlation analysis between ABI and IMT of AS group. Results 30 cases in the AS group and 12 cases in the no AS group with decreasing ABI（ P d0.05）. IMT of patients with lower ABI were obviously thick than those with normal ABI[（0. 79±0.08）vs（0. 90±0.16）, P 〈0.05]. The linear correlation analysis showed that the ABI was negative related to the IMT（ r = -0. 452, P 〈0. 01）. Conclusion ABI in hypertensive patients with carotid atherosclerosis was lower, there is a negative relationship between ABI and IMT. Measurement of ABI in hypertensive patients could be a useful tool for early detection the risk of carotid atherosclerosis.