左肝外侧叶为供肝的小儿肝移植--德国汉诺威医学院的经验

目的总结以左肝外侧叶(Ⅱ、Ⅲ段)为供肝的小儿肝移植的手术经验。方法对11例患有肝脏疾病的儿童施行左肝外侧叶移植,其中劈离式肝移植10例,亲属活体供肝部分肝移植1例,有8例患儿既往有腹部手术史。结果术后11例患者均存活。本组切取的左肝外侧叶的重量平均为276.2g,移植肝重量与受者体重之比平均为2.34%,供、受者的体重之比平均为5.42;供肝冷缺血时间平均为11.3h。受者的手术耗时平均为4.2h,无肝期平均为69min;6例患儿在肝移植完成之初采取了临时性关腹。1例患儿术后第15d发生胃幽门部穿孔,2例患儿因腹腔容积的限制在术后24h内发生肝动脉受压。本组病例未发生肝静脉流出道梗阻、肝动脉栓塞、移植肝无功能或坏死、供肝断面胆瘘等并发症。结论小儿接受左肝外侧叶移植的效果良好;术中宜同时开放肝动脉和门静脉;临时性关腹优点显著,值得运用。

Surgical experience of liver transplantation in children receiving left lateral lobe

Objective To outline the surgical experience of liver transplantation in children receiving left lateral lobe (segments II, III). Methods From March 1 to September. 1, 2004, 11 cases of pediatric liver transplantation were performed in Medical School of Hannover including 10 cases of split liver transplantation and 1 case of living related liver transplantation, and the clinical data of those cases were collected and analyzed. The average age and weight of these patients was 48.6 months (5-82 months) and 14.3 kg (6.9-23.8 kg) respectively, and 8 children had the previous abdominal surgical history. Results The average weight of the left lateral graft procured was 276.2 g (198-373 g), and the average cold ischemia time, anhepatic phase and operation time was 679 min (183-1290 min), 69 min (44-88 min) and 252 min (155-335 min) respectively. Six children received temporal closure of abdominal wall after liver transplantation. One child developed the perforation of stomach 15 days after operation, and compression of hepatic artery due to limited abdominal capacity occurred in 2 children within 24 h postoperatively. No complications including outflow obstruction of hepatic vein, hepatic artery thrombosis, primary graft nonfunction, graft necrosis and bile leakage from the cutting surface happened. Conclusion The left lateral lobe liver transplantation in children has been widely used with promising results. Resection of ill liver under controlling of inferior vena cava, simultaneous reperfusion of hepatic artery and portal vein and application of temporal abdominal wall closure had unique advantage, and thus, would be worth adopting.