基于地理信息系统的血吸虫病疫情分析

目的应用地理信息系统（GIS）分析云南省大理市血吸虫病流行状况及钉螺分布情况。方法收集云南大理市2002～2008年血吸虫病疫情资料，并输入计算机建立GIS数据库，用ArcGIS9．2软件对7年来大理市的血吸虫病流行状况、钉螺和急性血吸虫感染（急感）分布变化进行描述和分析。结果2008年血吸虫病流行于11个乡（镇）、91个行政村、401个自然村。2008年趋势面分析显示钉螺分布有向西北方向聚集的趋势，而人群感染则向东南聚集。急感病例分布于6个乡（镇），23个行政村；时空聚类分析显示病例分布呈现明显的聚集性。2002年大理市喜州镇的3个流行村为一级聚类区。结论GIS作为数据库和图形管理的工具，能更直观、形象和宏观地描述、分析血吸虫病疫情。

Application of geographic information systems in analysis of endemic situation of schistosomiasis

Geographic information system (CIS) was applied to analyse the endemic situation of schistosomiasis and the distribution of snails in Dali City. Hie data of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Dali City from 2002 to 2008 were collected and a CIS database was set up. The endemic situation and the distribution of snails and acute schistosomiasis cases were analyzed by ArcGIS 9. 2 software. The results showed that the schistosomiasis transmission areas included 11 towns, 91 villages, and 401 nature villages. The trend surface analysis suggested that snail distribution in 2008 had a trend to accumulate in the northwest, while the population infection had a trend of gathering to the southeast. All acute schistosomiasis cases distributed in 6 towns, 23 villages, which showed significant aggregation by space-time clustering analysis, and three endemic villages in Xizhou Town in 2002 were identified as the first stratum endemic areas. It is concluded that CIS as database and graphics management tools can describe the epidemic situation intuitively, imaginably and macrosopically.