以家庭为中心的干预对精神分裂症照料者情感表达及监护水平的影响

目的探讨以家庭为中心的干预对精神分裂症照料者情感表达及监护水平的影响。方法将临床痊愈出院的263例精神分裂症患者分为研究组(132例)和对照组(131例),两组患者出院后均给予抗精神药物维持治疗和一般的心理教育,研究组在此基础上实施以家庭为中心的护理干预。在干预前和干预后1年,采用自制调查表评定两组照料者的监护方式和精神分裂症知识水平,采用坎伯威家庭问卷中文版评定照料者的情感表达,并比较两组患者的复发率。结果干预1年后,照料者认为患者对急性期、缓解期治疗的态度和监护方式以及对患者的日常生活和患者对外关系的监护方式方面,两组差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);研究组照料者的批评、敌对、情感过分参入评分及高情感表达的发生率均明显低于对照组(P0.01),热情性及赞扬性评分则明显高于对照组(P0.01);研究组患者复发率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论以家庭为中心的干预有助于改善精神分裂症患者的治疗态度,提高照料者家庭监护水平,降低患者疾病复发率。

Influence of family-orientated intervention on the emotion expression and surveillance level of family caregivers of outpatients with schizophrenia

Objective To explore the influence of family - orientated intervention on the emotion expression and surveillance level of family earegivers of outpatients with schizophrenia. Methods Totally,263 clinical＂ cure＂ outpatients with schizophrenia were divided into two groups：the study group （ n = 132） and the control group （n = 131 ）. The two groups received the routine antipsychotic drugs maintenance therapy and the general psychological education. In addition, the study group received the family - oriented intervention. Before and after 1 - year intervention, the family caregivers of the two groups were assessed with a self - designed questionnaire about the surveillance methods and schizophrenia knowledge as well as emotion express with Chinese Version of Cam Berwell Family Interview Scale （ CFI - CV）. And the relapse rates of the two groups were cmnpared. Results After the intervention, there were significant differences in the attitudes of patients on therapy during the acute phase and remission phase, the methods of caregivers＇surveillance, the daily living care,and the care ways of patients social communication between the two groups（ P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of criticism, hostility and over-involved emotion of the family caregivers and the rates of high - emotion expression were significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）, while the scores of enthusiasm and commend were higher in the study group than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The rate of relapse was lower in the study group than that of eontrol group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The family - oriented intervention can improve the attitudes of the patients with schizophrenia on the antipsychotic treatment,and raise the surveillance levels of their family caregivers, and decrease the relapse rate.