Alterations in autonomic tone during trauma exposure using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)--results of a preliminary investigation |
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Authors: | Sack Martin Lempa Wolfgang Steinmetz Adrian Lamprecht Friedhelm Hofmann Arne |
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Institution: | Technical University Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Langerstrasse 3, 81675 München, Germany. |
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Abstract: | EMDR combines stimuli that evoke divided attention - e.g. eye movements - with exposure to traumatic memories. Our objective was to investigate psycho-physiological correlates of EMDR during treatment sessions. A total of 55 treatment sessions from 10 patients with PTSD was monitored applying impedance cardiography. Onset of every stimulation/exposure period (n=811) was marked and effects within and across stimulation sets on heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), pre-ejection period (PEP) and respiration rate were examined. At stimulation onsets a sharp increase of HRV and a significant decrease of HR was noticed indicating de-arousal. During ongoing stimulation, PEP and HRV decreased significantly while respiration rate significantly increased, indicating stress-related arousal. However, across entire sessions a significant decrease of psycho-physiological activity was noticed, evidenced by progressively decreasing HR and increasing HRV. These findings suggest that EMDR is associated with patterns of autonomic activity associated with substantial psycho-physiological de-arousal over time. |
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Keywords: | Post-traumatic stress disorder EMDR Psychophysiology Impedance cardiography |
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