矽肺患者肺功能损害的相关因素分析

目的探讨矽肺患者肺功能损害的相关因素。方法本研究是2009年在我院就诊的患者。根据患者第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1），将患者分为严重损害组（小于50％预计值）和非严重损害组（大于50％预计值，包括正常FEV1）。根据患者吸烟史，肺结核病史和X线特征进行两组问比较。结果34名患者总平均年龄53．7岁，7名患者（20．6％）有严重损害，其中3名是吸烟者，2名有肺结核病史。所有严重患者胸片均具有小阴影密集度2级和大阴影，仅仅大阴影与肺功能严重损害显著相关。结论仅有胸片中大阴影的存在能决定矽肺患者肺功能损害的严重性。

Study the correlation factors of pulmonary function damage in silicotic patients

Objective To study the correlation factors of pulmonary function damage in silicotic patients. Methods The present study was conducted in silicotic patients who attended our hospital in the year 2009. Patients were classified according to the forced expiratory volume in one second （FEVl ）into the severe impairment group （ 〈 50% predicted）and the non-severe group（ FEVl 〉 50% predicted） which included normal FEV1. Comparison between the two groups in terms of smoking history,history of pulmonary tuberculosis, and radiographic features were assessed. Results Thirty-four patients had an overall mean age of 53.7 years. Seven patients （ 20. 6% ） had severe impairment, three were smokers, and two had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis. All of the severe impairment patients had nodule profusion in category 2 and had large opacity. Only the presence of large opacity was significantly associated with the severity of pulmonary function impairment （P = 0. 002）. Conclusion Only the presence of large opacity in a chest radiograph can determine the severity of pulmonary function damage in silicotic patients.