orexin调控学习记忆的研究进展

背景 orexins是由位于下丘脑外侧部穹窿周围的神经元分泌的一类神经肽,它们在体内作用广泛,不仅能促进食欲,调节能量平衡,调节睡眠与觉醒,参与奖赏系统及情绪反应,调节内分泌及心血管系统,而且最新的研究表明,orexins对学习与记忆也有调控作用. 目的 对orexins调控学习记忆的各种认识和最近研究进展进行综述. 内容 简述orexins通过海马途径和非海马途径对学习记忆进行调控,以及与神经退行性变引起的学习记忆障碍之间的关系. 趋向 orexins在学习记忆过程中发挥的作用尚不完全清楚,进一步研究可能为解释和干预术后认知功能障碍及神经退行性变提供新的思路.

Regulation of orexin in learning and memory

Background Orexins are a category of neuropeptides that are secreted by orexinergic neurons located exclusively in the perifornical area of lateral hypothalamus.Orexins have extensive functions in the brain,including modulations of feeding behavior,energy homeostasis,sleep and arousal,reward and emotion.They play a role in endocrine and cardiovascular systems as well.Recently,it is reported that orexins also take part in the modulation of learning and memory.Objective To review the different viewpoints and recent progress of orexins in the regulation of learning and memory.Content In this review,we briefly introduce the hippocampus pathway and the non-hippocampus pathway through which orexins modulate learning and memory,and the relationship between orexins and neurodegenerative diseases.Trend The effects and mechanisms of orexins in learning and memory have not been entirely understood.Further researches may provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases.