注射型软骨组织工程活性材料修复关节软骨缺损的实验研究

目的 利用注射型活性材料修复兔关节软骨,比较碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(Basic fibroblastic growth factor,bFGF)和骨形态发生蛋白(Bone morphogenic protein,BMP)的治疗效果。方法 取18只14周龄成年大白兔随机分为3组,每只动物于双侧膝关节股骨髌股关节面制备直径4mm全层软骨缺损模型,钻通骨髓腔。准备注射型bFGF和BMP生物蛋白胶材料,三组分别接受如下治疗。A组注射型碱性成纤维细胞生长因子,B组注射型骨形态发生蛋白,C组单纯生物蛋白胶治疗。于8周,12周,24周观察大体和形态学特征,组织学评分。结果 A组于8,12周时,软骨缺损被白色半透明坚硬组织平滑修复,富有光泽,与正常软骨边界清楚,24周时修复组织与正常软骨边界模糊,质地坚硬,表面平滑光润。B组于8,12,24周时候均未将缺损表面修复平滑,为疏松组织缺损底部,凹陷明显残留。C组全程均未见软骨修复。组织评分A组明显优于B组C组(P<0.05),而B组和C组间无差异(P>0.05)。结论 注射型碱性成纤维细胞生长因子可以有效修复兔关节软骨的缺损,效果明显优于BMP治疗组,为关节镜等微创治疗方法提供了实验参考。

Experiment on Injectable Biomaterial of Cartilage Tissue Engineering on the Repairing of Joint Cartilage Defects

Objective To prepare injectable basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) fibrin glue gel, and compare their effects in repairing joint cartilage defects. Methods Eighteen 14-week-old rabbits were randomly choosed into three group, both knees of each rabbit experienced 4 mm- diameter full cartilage resection and drilling through of bone marrow. Solve the bFGF and BMP in fibrinogen solution and prepare the injectable gel and three experiment groups were established as follow: injectable bFGF gel (A group) injectable BMP gel (B group) and simple fibrin glue treated group (C group) . Gross appearance, histologi-cal section were examined after 8, 12, 24 weeks. Results In A group the cartilage defects were smoothly repaired by white translucent hard tissue with obvious boundary between normal joint surface after 8 and 12 weeks, and the defects boundary were hard to identified with normal cartilage after 24 weeks. No smooth repairing were observed in B and C groups. A group got a better histological score than B and C group ( P < 0.05), while no difference exited between B and C group ( P > 0.05 ) . Conclusion Injectable bFGF fibrin gel is a desirable repair gel in joint cartilage defect, while the BMP gel do not show definite treating effects. These results may provide experiment reference for clinical applications.