Platelets, coagulation, and fibrinolysis in atherosclerosis formation

Atherosclerosis is thought to be a chronic inflammatory disease, and many studies show platelets play important role in atherosclerosis formation. Activated platelets adhere to endothelial cells and make leukocyte arrest on endothelial cells. Platelets can interact with both leukocytes and with endothelial cells. Leykocytes or endothelial cells adhere to platelets secrete various inflammatory factors and promote inflammation. On the other hand, inflammation inhibits anti-thrombotic effect on endothelial cells. Annexin A2 is a co-receptor of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen and facilitates plasmin generation. We showed annexin A2 can inhibit formation of thrombus in injured blood vessel. Thus, platelets, coagulation, and fibrinolysis may be key factors in inflamed blood wall.