深采煤井下矿工血尿增多调查

目的 分析煤矿井下矿工的尿液隐血情况,探讨血尿的来源、形成机制及防治对策。 方法 采用回顾性分析方法,收集2013年5月至6月期间两家煤矿的4 372例井下工人的尿液标本,与地面健康查体的1 884例尿液标本对比,经尿液化学分析仪筛查和显微镜人工复检,比较井下与地面工人的隐血阳性率差别。 结果 煤矿井下职工尿隐血436例,阳性率为9.97%,隐血1+及以上的占98.17%,同时伴蛋白尿者占9.40%;地面其他行业健康查体人群尿隐血122例,阳性率为6.47%。两者在尿隐血阳性率、隐血程度分布及蛋白尿阳性率方面相比,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=19.82、156.24、17.02,P < 0.01)。 结论 血尿程度和高温高湿环境下重体力劳动有关。随着矿井开采日益加深,井下高温高湿的极端工作环境日益增多,职业病防治工作中应加强对井下矿工尿液常规的隐血监测。

Investigation on hematuria occurrence of coal miners

Objective To investigate the hematuria occurrence of coal miners, explore the cause of hematuria and present suggestion on preventive measures. Methods The results of urinary occult blood test （screening） and microscopic examination （recheck） of all male workers in two coal mines were extracted from the occupational health examination data. The results of coal miners were compared with the workers engaged in ground operation . Results The hematuria occurrence of 4 372 coal miners was 9.97% while the hematuria occurrence of 1 884 workers engaged in ground operation was 6.47%. There was a great difference between these two groups （χ^2 = 19.82,P 〈 0.01 ）. The severity of hematuria and occurrence of proteinuria were also higher among coal miners （χ^2 = 156.24,17.02,P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The increased hematuria occurrence maybe be attributed to the high temperature,high humidity and extremely worsening working environment. We should consider these when the regular occupational health examination is organized .