60例重型颅脑损伤患者的护理体会

目的探讨重型颅脑损伤的临床特点以及护理体会。方法对我院2005年1月～2009年11月收治的60例重型颅脑损伤病人采取一系列的精心护理措施。结果所有患者均给予保持呼吸道通畅、吸氧、开放静脉通道、降低颅内压、抗休克、止血等处理。手术方式采取骨瓣开颅清除血肿18例、骨窗开颅清除血肿36例、开颅清除血肿加去骨瓣减压4例,钻颅冲洗引流2例。60例患者死亡18例,治愈率为70%。不同术式的治愈率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论重型颅脑损伤病情危急,患者能积极主动地配合治疗和护理,使病情能尽快得到康复,降低了颅脑损伤的死亡率。

Severe Craniocerebral Injury: Nursing of 60 Cases

Objective To investigate the clinical features of severe craniocerebral injury,and nursing. Methods Sixty cases of severe craniocerebral injury from Jan. 2005 to Nov. 2009 received careful nursing. Results All cases were given to maintain airway patency,oxygen administration,open venous channel,reduce intracranial pressure,anti-shock,bleeding and other treatment. Craniotomy was used for hematoma removal in 18 cases,bone window craniotomy for hematoma removal in 36cases,craniotomy hematoma removal plus bone flap removal for decompressive in 4 cases and skull drainage in 2 cases. In all cases,8 cases died,and the cure rate was 70%. There was no significant difference in different surgical cure rate （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Careful nursing for severe craniocerebral injury can improve the condition,with rapid recovery and reduce its mortality rate.