鄱阳湖区洲滩植被与钉螺空间分布关系的研究

目的探讨鄱阳湖区洲滩植被分布与钉螺孳生地的空间分布规律,以更好地利用遥感技术对洲滩钉螺孳生地进行监测。方法选择鄱阳湖区血吸虫病流行村附近的洲滩为调查点,用传统方法进行植被和钉螺调查,卫星定位仪（GPS）记录调查点的经纬度,并利用ArcGIS软件把地面调查数据矢量化。运用遥感图像处理软件PCI9.0,对鄱阳湖区春季枯水期的卫星TM图像进行几何校正和非监督分类。然后,把矢量化的地面数据与卫星图片叠加,进行钉螺孳生地与植被关系的空间分布分析。结果鄱阳湖区洲滩植被可以被划分成3类地表类别,其中单一优势植被区为钉螺主要孳生类别,湿生植被区和混合杂草区为少螺或无螺类别。结论洲滩植被分布规律与钉螺孳生地关系密切,呈片状和带状分布,应用遥感技术能快速确定鄱阳湖区洲滩的钉螺孳生地。

Study on relationship between vegetation and spatial distribution of Oncomelania snails in Poyang Lake region

Objective To explore the relationship between the vegetation and space distribution of Oncomelania snails in Poyang Lake region,so as to get better understanding of the habitats of Oncomelania snails by using remote sensing technology.Methods The marshlands close to schistosomiasis endemic villages in Poyang Lake region were selected,and the traditional methods were used to investigate the situation of vegetation and Oncomelania snails.The longitude and latitude of investigation spots were recorded by GPS,and the field survey data were vectored by using ArcGIS software.The geometric calibration and unsupervised classification were made on TM satellite images of low-flow period of spring by using PCI 9.0.And then,the relationship between space distribution of snail habitats and vegetation was analyzed through superposing the filed data and satellite images.Results The vegetation in marshlands of Poyang Lake region can be differentiated as three types,in which the single dominant vegetation area was mainly breeding place of Oncomelania snails,and wet vegetation type and hybrid weed type were snail seldom breeding areas.Conclusions The distribution roles of vegetation in marshland are closely related to the habitats of snails,presenting a flaky and bandy distribution.The habitats of Oncomelania snails can be quickly understood by remote sensing technology.