Microplastics in cosmetics: Environmental issues and needs for global bans |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase (CSGI), University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, FI, Italy;2. Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, FI, Italy;3. Independent Researcher, Ecotoxicologist, Italy;1. Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine of Education Ministry, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China;2. Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China;1. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;1. Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;2. Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region |
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| Abstract: | Despite the microbeads from cosmetic products do not contribute with high percentages to the microplastic pollution, they can pose a threat to the environment, being discharged into the water bodies and just partially blocked by the wastewater treatment plants. As environmental associations have been fighting for the abolition of microplastics in PCCPs, in many countries measures have been taken and bans are already operational or in process. Some cosmetic companies have voluntarily renounced the use of microbeads and some voluntary certifications of PCCPs prohibit their use.PCCPs recently analysed can contain levels of microbeads reaching 50,391 per g and can contribute with every single use to the introduction of 229,000 microbeads into the domestic sewage. Given the spread and danger of these pollutants, the problem is global and unthinkable to be solved by banning microplastic-containing products only in some countries, thus a general ban would be necessary. |
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| Keywords: | Microbeads Primary microplastic Personal care and cosmetic products Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) Environmental policies Plastic pollution |
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