肾移植术后肺部感染诊治的临床探讨

目的 探讨肾移植术后肺部感染的发病特点、诊断及治疗。方法 对150例肾移植患者所发生的31例肺部感染的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 31例肾移植术后肺部感染患者中单纯细茵感染9例，真菌感染3例，CMV感染5例，结核感染1例，混合感染10例，病原不清3例。治疗后27例治愈，4例直接死于肺部感染。结论 肺部感染是肾移植术后的一种常见并且严重的并发症，早期诊断，及时予以抗细菌、抗病毒、抗真菌治疗同时，调整免疫抑制方案，加强对症及支持治疗，有利于提高其治愈率。

A Clinical Study on Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Infection after Kidney Transplantation

Objective To explore the features, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation. Methods The clinical data of 31 pulmonary infection cases among 150 patients underwent kidney transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. Results The 31 patients with pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation included 9 cases of simple bacterial infection, 3 cases of fungus infection, 5 cases of CMV infection, 1 case of TB, 10 cases of mixed infection, and 3 cases of infection with unclear pathogen. 27 cases of the patients(27/31,87.1%) were cured, while 4 cases died of pulmonary infection. Conclusion Pulmonary infection is a common and severe complication after kidney transplantation. Early etiological diagnosis, the prompt treatment of antibacterium,antivirus and antifungus, adjustment of immunosuppression regime, and strengthening the support therapy would improve the curative rate.