不同月龄雄性大鼠生化指标及颌骨、股骨骨形态计量变化的研究

目的 观察不同月龄雄性大鼠生化指标及颌骨、股骨骨形态计量的变化,探讨αD3对老年大鼠颌骨、股骨骨形态计量的影响.方法 将6周、6月及24月雄性wistar大鼠60只,分为四组.甲组：6周,15只;乙组：6个月,15只;丙组：24个月,15只;丁组：24个月＋αD3组,15只.其中丁组按αD3 0.05 μg/（kg·d）溶于谷物油灌胃,隔天一次,每周3次,连续10周.颈总动脉取血测碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、酸性磷酸酶（Tracp5b）、骨钙素（BGP）、睾酮（T）.取左侧颌骨、股骨测骨组织形态测量.结果 生化指标：（1）与6周相比,6月龄、24月龄、24月＋αD3组ALP、BGP随月龄增长明显下降（87.30±12.22）mmol/L VS（257.20±92.26）mmol/L,（55.23±18.18）mmol/L VS（257.20±92.26）mmol/L,（46.17±16.6）mmol/L VS（257.20±92.26 mmol/L）;（4.37±1.46）ng/L VS（9.03±2.04）ng/L,（3.80±1.00）ng/L VS（9.03±2.04）ng/L,（3.59±0.64）ng/L VS（9.03±2.04）ng/L,P〈0.05];（2）与6月组相比,24个月及24个月＋αD组TRACP5b随月龄增长明显增加（15.69±1.62）pg/L VS（7.26±2.13）pg/L,（14.16±1.88）pg/L VS（7.26 ±2.13）Pg/L,P〈0.05];（3）T水平随月龄增长下降,但组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.睾酮与颌骨松质骨面积呈正相关（r=0.52）;（4）BGP与ALP呈正相关（r=0.58,P〈0.01）,与.TRACPSb呈负相关（r=-0.49,P〈0.01）.骨形态计量指标：（1）与6周组相比,24月龄、24月＋αD3组股骨骨小梁面积明显增加（220310.6±76360.50）μm2 VS（105093.5±73242.2）μm2,（293085.9±68230.78）μm2 VS（105093.5±73242.2）μm2,P〈0.05];（2）颌骨24月组较与6月组比较,骨小梁宽度增加53%,但骨小梁间隔增加123%;（3）24月＋αD3组较24月龄颌骨骨小梁面积增加33%.结论 随月龄增长骨形成生化指标明显下降,骨吸收指标明显升高;睾酮与颌骨松质骨面积正相关;药物αD3有促进颌骨、股骨骨量的作用.

Changes of biochemical mark and bone histomorphology in male rats with different age

Objective To investigate the aged-related changes of biochemical mark and bone histomorphology in rats and to explore the effects ofαD3 on aged rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats with different age were divided into four groups, including group A (6-week-old male wistar rat), group B (6-month-old male wistar rat), group C (24-month-old male wistar rat) and group D (24-month-old male wistar rat +αD3). Group D was treated with αD3 three times per week for 10 weeks at a does of 0.05μg/(kgrameters. The left femur and mandible were collected for histomorphology. Results Compared with group A, ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and BGP in group B, C and D were decreased with age increased (87.30 ±12.22)mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92.26) mmol/L, (55.23 ± 18. 18 ) mmol/L VS (257.20 ±92. 26) mmol/L,(46.17 ± 16. 6) mmol/L VS (257. 20 ±92. 26 mmol/L); (4. 37 ± 1.46) ng/L VS (9. 03 ±2. 04) ng/L,(3.80±1.00) ng/L VS (9.03 ±2.04) ng/L, (3.59 ±0.64) ng/L VS( 9.03±2.04) ng/L, P <0. 05]. TRACP5b in group C and D increased more than that in group B ( 15.69 ± 1.62 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ±2.13) pg/L, ( 14.16 ± 1.88 ) pg/L VS ( 7. 26 ± 2. 13 ) pg/L, P < 0. 05]. Testosterone decreased significantly with age increased, but no significant difference was found among four groups. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Bone gla protein was positive related with alkaline phosphatase and negative related with tartrate - resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Trabecular areas of femur increased in group C and D were greater than that in group B(220310. 6 ±76360. 50) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, (293085.9 ±68230. 78) μm2 VS ( 105093.5 ±73242. 2) μm2, P <0. 05]. Compared with group B,the trabecular thickness of group C was increased by 53%, while trabecular separation was increased 123%. Trabecular area of group D was increased by 33% compared with group C. Conclusions Theresults showed that bone formation was decreased and absorption was increased with age increased. Testosterone was positive related with trabecular area of mandible. Alfacalcidol had the effects to promote the bone mass of mandible.