延长产后母婴皮肤接触时间对母乳喂养的影响

目的 分析产后母婴皮肤接触时间对出院时、产后1月、产后3月母乳喂养情况的影响。方法 选择2018年12月-2019年12月贵州省人民医院符合标准的产妇368例,按实际母婴皮肤接触时间分为<30 min(n=49)、30~<60 min(n=59)、60~<90 min(n=54)、≥90 min(n=206)4组,了解4组纯母乳喂养率、母乳喂养困难情况及远期母乳喂养风险。结果 4组产妇出院时纯母乳喂养率差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.026,P＞0.05),但在产后1月母婴皮肤接触时间≥90 min纯母乳喂养率高于其他3组(χ²=8.755,P＜0.05),产后3月显著升高(χ²=53.000,P＜0.001)。随着母婴皮肤接触时间的延长,中重度母乳喂养困难发生情况显著下降,轻度或无困难比率增加(χ²=19.627,P＜0.05)。产后3月,产妇满意度、婴儿满意度、生活方式持续母乳喂养总分随皮肤接触时间延长得分均增加(F=9.758、15.201、9.025、16.360,P＜0.001)。结论 延长产后母婴皮肤接触时间有助于提高产后纯母乳喂养率及远期母乳喂养结局。

Effect of prolonging mother-infant skin-contact time on breastfeeding

Objective To explore the influence of mother-infant skin-contact time on breastfeeding at discharge, 1 month or 3 months after delivery, in order to facilitate implementation of newborn safety project in pilot hospitals in Guizhou. Methods A total of 368 pregnant women were selected from pilot hospitals in the designated areas (Guizhou Province) of WHO/China CDC newborn safety project, and were divided into four groups according to mother-infant skin-contact time＜30 min(n=49), 30-<60 min(n=59), 60-<90 min(n=54), ≥90 min(n=206)].The exclusive breastfeeding rate, difficulty of breastfeeding and long-term breastfeeding risk of the four groups were analyzed. Results There was no statistical difference in the exclusive breastfeeding rate among the four groups (χ²=2.026, P>0.05),but the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the group of mother-infant skin-contact time ≥90 min was significantly higher than that in the three groups in the first month after delivery(χ²=8.755, P＜0.05).With the increasing time of mother-infant skin-contact time, the rate of moderate/severe difficulty of breastfeeding was significantly reduced, while the mild difficulty of breastfeeding significantly increased(χ²=19.627, P＜0.001) .In 3 months after birth, with the increasing of mother-infant skin-contact time, the scores of maternal and infant satisfaction and lifestyle, as well as the total score of Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale(MBFES) significantly increased(F=9.758,15.201,9.025,16.360, P<0.001). Conclusion Prolonging mother-infant skin-contact time is helpful to improve the key link of breastfeeding, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding and the long-term outcome of breastfeeding.