食管癌患者营养状况与治疗相关性的研究进展

食管癌是我国常见的消化道恶性肿瘤，其发病率位于我国恶性肿瘤第5位。食管癌患者由于梗阻引起摄入不足、肿瘤消耗等因素易发生营养不良，约50%～80%的患者在就诊时已经发生营养不良。而手术创伤和应激所引起的高分解代谢又加剧营养不良；同时，放化疗的毒副反应，特别是同步放化疗的毒副反应会增加患者营养不良风险。近年来的研究显示，食管癌营养不良是影响患者预后及生活质量的重要因素，治疗期间积极的营养支持可提高治疗疗效和降低并发症的发生。目前采用的营养支持方式较多，以肠内营养支持为首选，可适当给予免疫营养制剂。

Research Progress in the Correlation between Nutritional Status and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer Patients

Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in digestive tract.Its morbidity is located at the fifth in the malignant tumor in our country.About 50%~80% of patients have malnutrition at the first visit due to inadequate intake caused by obstruction,tumor consumption and other factors.Furthermore,high catabolism caused by surgical trauma and stress can aggravate malnutrition.At the same time,the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy,especially concurrent chemoradiotherapy,would increase the risk of malnutrition.Recent studies have shown that malnutrition of esophageal cancer patients is an important factor for patients′ prognosis and quality of life.The positive nutrition support can improve the curative effect and reduce the occurrence of complications during the treatment.At present,there are various nutrition support methods and the enteral nutrition is suggested as the first choice.In appropriate condition,the immunonutrition is recommended.