分层分析老年人血脂异常与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的关联程度

背景血脂增高是冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病发生的重要危险因素之一,如何解释血脂与冠心病的关系,血脂特点和血脂水平与冠心病的关系是人们关注的热点.目的探讨老年人群血脂特点、血脂水平与冠心病的关系.设计病例-对照观察,分层分析.单位解放军沈阳军区总医院第二干部病房.对象选择2001-01/2002-01在沈阳军区总医院第二干部病房住院的符合WHO冠心病诊断标准105例冠心病患者为冠心病组,经检查无冠心病和脑血管疾病的同期住院患者99例为对照组.方法清晨空腹取静脉血2mL,以3 000 r/min,离心5 min,取血清,采用全自动生化分析仪和酶法试剂盒测定胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇.以对照组数据分别计算胆固醇、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的极差,除10,以0.53、0.39和0.29mmol/L为组距,编制频数表.依据频数表,分别计算胆固醇、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的P25(第25百位分数)、P50(第50百位分数)、P75(第75百位分数)和P90(第90百位分数),按P25、P25～P50、P50～P75、P75～P90和P90分层,分别确定冠心病组和对照组在5组中例数,以P90为暴露因数,与其他4组比较,用Mental-Haenscel方法计算X2.若暴露因数与冠心病有关系,则计算相关系数和95%可信区间.依照(血脂异常防治建议标准和冠心病二级预防血脂异常目标)标准判定两组未达目标水平例数和发生率.主要观察指标两组血脂测定结果及异常例数和发生率,血脂高于目标水平的例数和发生率,两组按百分位数分层比较的结果.结果按意向处理分析,204例均进入结果分析.①老年冠心病组和对照组比较,胆固醇、三酰甘油和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇差异均无显著意义.②冠心病组仅有18.1%为高胆固醇血症,34.3%高三酰甘油血症,11.4%高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症,表明在老年冠心病患者中65.8%～88.6%的人血脂在正常范围.③分层分析显示胆固醇≥5.47mmol/L者与3.85～4.63 mmol/L者相比,前者冠心病发生可能是后者的2.98倍(X2=6.29,95%可信区间1.27-6.98).但胆固醇≥5.47mmol/L者与4.64～5.05 mmol/L者相比,则未发现其与冠心病联系强度.④按国内冠心病二级预防血脂目标水平,冠心病患者中尚有54.2%胆固醇≥4.68mmol/L,34.3%三酰甘油≥1.70 mmol/L,52.3%低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥2.6 mmol/L.结论老年冠心病患者理想胆固醇水平为3.85-4.63mmol/L.胆固醇≥5.47mmol/L者与3.85～4.63mmol/L者相比,前者冠心病发生可能是后者的2.98倍(X2=6.29,95%可信区间1.27～6.98).

Stratified analysis oncorrelation between abnormal blood lipid in senile people and coronary atheroscleroticcardiopathy

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipemia is one of the important risk factors of coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy. Great attention has been paid on how to explain the correlation between blood lipid and coronary heart disease and the correlation of characteristics and level of blood lipid with coronary heart disease.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the correlation among the characteristics, the level of blood lipid and coronary heart disease in senile people.DESIGN: Case-control observation and stratified analysis.SETTING: Second Cadre Ward of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 105 inpatients were selected in coronary heart disease group, diagnosed as coronary heart disease, tallied with WHO Diagnostic Standard on Coronary Heart Diseases, in Second Cadre Ward of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2001 to January 2002. Totally 99 inpatients, by checked, without coronary heart disease and cerebral vascular disorder were selected in the control in the same period.METHODS: 2 mL venous blood was collected in fasting in the morning and the serum was collected after centrifuged at 3 000 r/minute, for 5 minutes. Auto-biochemical analyzer and enzyme kit were used to determine cholesterol, triglycerin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Compared with the data in the control, the ranges of cholesterol, triglycerin and low density lipoprotein were calculated successively and divided by 10; at the class intervals of 0.53, 0. 39 and 0.29 mmonl/L, the frequency table was worked out. According to the frequency table, P25 (the 25th percentile), P50 (the 50th percentile), P75 (the 75th percentile) and P90 (the 90th percentile) of cholesterol, triglycerin and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were calculated successively. The stratified groups were divided based on P ＜ 25, P25 to PS0, PS0 to P75, P75 to P90 and ＞ P90, by which, the cases belonging to 5 groups were determined in coronary heart disease group and the control respectively. The exposure factor was determined by ＞ P90, compared with other 4 groups, Menta-Haensecel method was used to calculate x2. If the exposure factor was related with coronary heart disease, the relevant coefficient and 95% confidence interval should be calculated. In accordance with the standards (Proposal on Prevention of Abnormal Blood Lipid and Targets of Abnormal Blood lipid on 2-grade Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease), the cases beyond the targets and morbidity were determined in two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Determination of blood lipid, abnormal cases and morbidity in two groups; cases beyond targets of blood lipid and morbidity; stratified comparisons of percentiles in two groups.RESULTS: According to intention measurement, 204 cases entered result and the control, there was no significant difference in cholesterol, triglycerin cases presented hypercholesterolemia, 34.3% cases hypertriglycerlipidemia and 11. 4% cases low density lipoprotein-hypercholesterolemia. It was indicated that the blood lipid was in the normal range among 64. 8% to 88.6% comparison between the cases with cholesterol ≥5.47 mmonl/L and the cases with cholesterol varied from 3.85 to 4.63 mmol/L, the morbidity of coronary heart disease in the former was 2.98 times as high as the latter (x2 = 6.29, 95% confidence interval was 1.27 -6.98) . In the comparison between the cases with cholesterol ≥ 5.47 mmol/L and the cases with cholesterol varied from 4.64 to 5.05 mmol/L, the correlation with coronary Lipid for 2nd Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease, among the patients with coronary heart disease, cholesterol ≥ 4.68 mmonl/L in 54. 2% cases,triglycerin ≥ 1.70 mmol/L in 34. 3% cases and low density lipoprotein ≥ 2.6 mmol/L in 52. 3% cases.CONCLUSION: For senile patients with coronary heart disease, the satisfactory level of cholesterol is 3.85- 4.63 mmol/L. For those with cholesterol ≥ 5.47 mmol/L, compared with those varied from 3.85 to 4.63 mmol/L, the morbidity of coronary heart disease in the former is possibly 2.98 times as same as the latter(x2 = 6.29, 95% confidence interval was 1.27 - 6.98).