靶向B淋巴细胞的治疗策略

在一些自身免疫性疾病和B细胞淋巴瘤中，B淋巴细胞(简称B细胞)表现为异常活化或恶性增殖。靶向B细胞的免疫治疗包括直接治疗策略和间接治疗策略。直接治疗策略采用抗CD20抗体、抗CD22抗体等与B细胞特异性结合，诱导B细胞凋亡或通过抗体的Fc段介导的抗体依赖的细胞毒作用、补体依赖的细胞毒作用发挥直接的清除作用。间接治疗策略通过干扰其他免疫细胞(如T细胞)与B细胞的作用，阻断B细胞活化所需的第二信号；或者靶向一些能促进B细胞活化、增殖、分化的因子，通过拮抗这些因子的功能间接影响B细胞的功能。本文将简要介绍B细胞靶向治疗策略。

Strategies of B lymphocyte-targeted therapy

Abnormal activation or malignant proliferation of B cells has been observed in several autoimmune diseases and B cell lymphomas. Targeting B cell treatments, including direct depletion of B cell and indirect affection on B cell activation and function, thus provides therapeutical strategies for these diseases. Drugs for direct depletion of B cells involve the use of monoclonal antibodies directed against cell surface markers, such as CD20 and CD22. The monoclonal antibodies bind to the target antigen on cell surface and kill the cell by initiating a combination of apoptosis, complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cellular cytotoxicity. Indirectly targeting B cell strategies refer to blocking B cell activation and function through interference with T-B interaction and cytokine pathways known to be involved in B cell maturation and differentiation. In this paper, strategies of B cell-targeted therapies are reviewed concisely.