冠状动脉3支病变与颈动脉狭窄程度之间的关系

背景: 以往的研究显示随着冠状动脉严重程度的增加, 颈动脉狭窄的发生率和严重程度也增加。与白种人比较, 中国脑卒中的患者以颅内的小动脉病变居多而颅外颈动脉病变相对少见。目的: 观察存在冠状动脉 3 支病变患者的颈动脉和颅内动脉受累情况。设计: 观察性实验。单位: 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科; 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院心脏中心。对象: 选择 2003- 08/2004- 08 于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院神经内科门诊就诊和住院的疑诊为冠状动脉硬化性心脏病的患者行冠状动脉造影, 对其中发现 3 支病变的 126 例患者同时进行颈动脉造影检查。其中男 56 例, 女 70 例; 年龄 47～76 岁。纳入对象均对检测项目知情同意。方法: 126 例患者行冠状动脉造影后即刻行动脉数字减影血管造影。常规应用 Seldinger 技术穿刺股动脉插管, 多角度投照, 同时观察双侧颈动脉, 锁骨下动脉和椎动脉。面积狭窄百分比由数字减影血管造影机图像后处理站直接计算获取。根据颈动脉造影结果为判定标准将患者分为正常、轻度狭窄、中度狭窄、重度狭窄和颈动脉闭塞。主要观察指标: 患者颈动脉的狭窄程度。结果: 纳入的 126 例冠状动脉硬化性心脏病患者全部进入结果分析。颈动脉轻度、中度、重度和闭塞的患者比例相当, 分别为 13 (10.32%), 18(14.29%), 12 (9.50%), 和 10 (7.90%)。冠状动脉 3 支病变合并颈动脉异常的比例为 42.06%。结论: 中国人群中冠状动脉 3 支病变同时合并颈动脉狭窄的发生率与西方人同样很高。冠状动脉 3 支病变的人群中, 颈动脉狭窄的发生率高于颅内动脉。冠状动脉 3 支病变的人应该接受颈动脉的造影检查。

Relationship between carotid artery stenosis severity and 3-vessel coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that the prevalence and extent of carotid artery stenosis increased with thedevelopment of coronary artery disease. There was a higher incidence of intracranial small-vessel disease, but lower of carotid artery disease in the Chinese stroke patients as compared with the white.OBJ ECTIVE: To observe the distribution of carotid and intracranial artery stenosis in patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease.DESIGN: An observational study.SETTING: Department of Neurology; Heart Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: From August 2003 to August 2004, The coronary angiography was performed in the outpatients and inpatients suspected to be coronary arteriosclerotic cardiopathy in the Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and 126 patients of them with 3-vessel diseases were examined with carotid arteriography, including 56 males and 70 females, 47-76 years of age. Informed contents were obtained from all the participants.METHODS: Digital substraction angiography (DSA) was performed immediately after coronary angiography in the 126patients. All catheterizations were performed through a transfemoral approach using the Seldinger technique, and thenan appropriate amount of nonionic Ominipaque was injected. The angiography of bilateral carotid arteries, subclavian artery, or vertebral artery was taken from different angles. The percentage of stenosis was calculated directly from DSAmachine. Evaluative standards: Based on the stenosis degree from carotid angiography results, the patients were divided into 5 categories as normal, mild stenosis, moderate stenosis, severe stenosis and complete occlusion.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of carotid stenosis.RESULTS: All the 126 patients were involved in the final analysis of results. There were 13 (10.32%), 18 (14.29%), 12(9.5%), or 10 (7.9%) patients found to have mild, moderate, severe carotid stenosis, or complete occlusion, and the incidences of these changes were fairly similar. However, the incidence of angiographic carotid stenosis coupled with 3-vessel carotid artery disease was 42.06%.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of carotid stenosis in patients with 3-vessel carotid artery disease was as high in the Chinese population as that in Westem countries. In patients with 3-vessel disease, the prevalence of carotid stenosis was higher than that of intracranial artery stenosis, thus they may require both coronary and carotid interventions.