Small intestine mucosal immune system response to high-fat-high-cholesterol dietary supplementation in male rats |
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| Authors: | MS Khalifeh SS Awaisheh OH Alameri WM Hananeh |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;2. Department of Food Science, Balqa Applied University, Al-salt, Jordan;3. Department of Veterinary Pathology and Animal Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan |
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| Abstract: | The immune effects of high-fat-high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet supplementation were investigated in Sprague–Dawley male rats. The rats were administered HFHC for 8 weeks via oral gavage. Two control groups received either a normal rat diet (NRD) or skim milk along with NRD. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were assessed, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in the ileum, the mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and the splenic tissue homogenates, and in blood. Histopathological examination of the intestinal tissues was performed and showed no abnormalities among groups. An HFHC supplementation resulted in a significant increment in the levels of IL-1β and IL-10 in the intestinal tissues. TNF-α concentration was only changed in MLN tissue homogenates where it was downregulated after HFHC treatment. No other changes were reported in the spleen tissue homogenate and serum. The cytokine concentrations proposed using HFHC diet as a safe immune manipulator for gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces. |
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| Keywords: | cytokines immunomodulating intestinal cholesterol |
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