注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的父母养育方式与情绪问题的关系

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的父母养育方式与情绪问题的关系。方法:选取符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第五版(DSM-5)的ADHD儿童184例(伴情绪问题的76例,不伴情绪问题的108例),正常儿童41例。用父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)、conners儿童行为问卷分别测评父母养育方式、儿童情绪问题。结果:父母养育方式因子惩罚和严厉(OR=3.16,95%CI:1.14~12.52)、偏爱被试(OR=2.58,95%CI:1.01~6.86)与ADHD患病呈正向关联,情感温暖和理解(OR=0.04,95%CI:0.003~0.52)与ADHD患病呈负向关联。父母养育方式因子惩罚和严厉(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.06~1.38)与ADHD有情绪问题呈正向关联。结论:ADHD儿童父母在养育方式上缺少理解、情感温暖,家长更加严厉,更多采用惩罚、偏爱的方式。伴有情绪问题的ADHD儿童的家长较不伴情绪问题的家长更加严厉,采用更多的惩罚。

Relationship between emotional problems and parenting styles in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Objective:To explore the relationship between emotional problems and parenting styles in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods:Totally 184 children with ADHD(76 with emotional problems and 108 without emotional problems)and 41 normal children were selected.The diagnoses were made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition(DSM-5) criteria.The parental parenting evaluation scale(EMBU) and the Conners child behavior questionnaire were used to assess parenting styles and emotional problems.Results:Punishment and severity(OR=3.1695%CI:1.14-12.52) and preference(OR=2.5895%CI:1.01-6.86) were positively correlated with ADHD and emotional warmth and understanding(OR=0.0495%CI:0.003-0.52) were negatively correlated with ADHD.Punishment and severity(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.06-1.38) were positively correlated with ADHD with emotional problems.Conclusion:Parents of ADHD children especially parents of those with emotional problems lack understanding and emotional warmth in parenting style,and are stricter and adopt more punitive and preference methods.