免疫检查点分子在妊娠期糖尿病患者调节性T细胞中的表达

目的探讨正常妊娠妇女和妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者外周血和脐血调节性T细胞(Treg)免疫检测点分子表达水平。方法流式细胞术检测58例正常妊娠妇女和43例GDM患者外周血和脐血中程序化细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)、糖皮质激素诱导的肿瘤坏死因子受体(GITR)、人白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)和细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4(CTLA-4)在调节性T细胞(CD4^+Treg细胞和CD8^+Treg细胞)中的表达和调节性T细胞比例。结果与正常妊娠妇女相比,GDM患者外周血和脐血中CD4^+Treg细胞比例降低,CD8^+Treg细胞比例升高,外周血中PD-1和GITR+Treg细胞及脐血中PD-1/CD4^+Treg细胞比例降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。两组中,脐血HLA-G表达高于外周血,而PD-1和GITR表达低于外周血,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论外周血和脐血CD4^+Treg细胞、CD8^+Treg细胞表型及功能具有不同的免疫学特征,PD-1和GITR表达下调可能与GDM有关。

Expressions of immunocheckpoint molecules in regulatory T cells of gestational diabetes mellitus patients

Objective To investigate the expression levels of immunocheckpoint molecules in regulatory T cells(Treg)of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)patients.Methods The expression levels of PD-1,GITR,HLA-G,and CTLA-4 in regulatory T cells(CD4^+Treg cells and CD8^+Treg cells)and the proportion of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and cord blood of 58 normal pregnant women and43 patients with GDM were detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with normal pregnant women,the proportions of CD4^+Treg cells in peripheral blood and cord blood of GDM patients decreased,the proportions of CD8^+Treg cells increased,the proportions of PD-1 and GITR+Treg cells in peripheral blood and PD-1/CD4^+Treg cells in cord blood decreased(P<0.01).In the two groups,the expressions of HLA-G in cord blood were higher than those in peripheral blood,while the expressions of PD-1 and GITR were lower than those in peripheral blood(P<0.01).Conclusion The phenotypes and function of CD4^+Treg cells and CD8^+Treg cells in peripheral blood and cord blood have different immunological characteristics.The down-regulation of PD-1 and GITR may be related to GDM.