死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇心理特征与社会及家庭支持的相关性分析

目的分析死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇心理特征与社会及家庭支持的相关性,为相关临床工作提供指导信息。方法选取甘肃省妇幼保健院2017年12月-2018年12月170例死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇的相关资料进行总结,包括一般资料,焦虑、抑郁发生情况,社会及家庭支持情况。分别采用自制一般资料调查问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)以及家庭关怀度指数量表(APGAR)进行评估。结果 170例死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇SAS、SDS评分分别为(51.9±4.0)分和(51.3±4.4)分,其中存在焦虑、抑郁的孕妇分别为93例和71例。170例死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇SSRS、APGAR评分分别为(42.9±3.7)分、(7.8±2.0)分。存在焦虑、抑郁的孕妇SSRS、APGAR评分显著低于无焦虑、抑郁的孕妇,评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇的SAS、SDS评分与SSRS、APGAR评分呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论死胎及胎儿畸形引产后孕妇容易出现焦虑、抑郁,且不良心理状态的出现与社会及家庭支持呈显著负相关,临床工作者可以采取针对性措施提高社会及家庭支持度,降低孕妇焦虑、抑郁的发生,促进孕妇的身心康复。

Correlation Analysis of Psychological Characteristics and Social and Family Support of Pregnant Women after Fetal Death and Fetal Malformation

OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between psychological characteristics and social and family support of pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation, and provide guidance for relevant clinical work. METHODS The data of 170 pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation in the hospital from December, 2017 to December, 2018 were summarized, including general information, anxiety, depression, social and family support. They were evaluated by self-made general information questionnaire,Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS), Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) and Family Care Rating Index(APGAR). RESULTS The SAS and SDS scores of 170 cases of pregnant women pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation were(51.9±4.0) points and(51.3±4.4) points respectively, among them, 93 cases and 71 cases were anxiety and depression.The SSRS and APGAR scores of 170 cases of pregnant women pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation were(42.9±3.7) points and(7.8±2.0) points respectively. The SSRS and APGAR scores of pregnant women with anxiety and depression were significantly lower than those without anxiety and depression, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05), and the SAS and SDS scores of pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation were significantly negatively correlated with SSRS and APGAR scores(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Pregnant women after fetal death and fetal malformation are prone to anxiety and depression, and the occurrence of adverse psychological state is significantly negatively correlated with social and family support. Clinicians can take targeted measures to improve social and family support and reduce anxiety and depression in pregnant women, promote the physical and psychological recovery of pregnant women.