4150例小儿肺炎患者住院天数的影响因素分析

目的以重庆市某三级甲等医院为例,分析小儿肺炎患者住院天数的关键影响因素,为有效降低平均住院日和合理利用有效卫生资源提供有价值的信息。方法回顾分析法,收集2015年1月至2019年12月对某三级甲等医院住院的4150例小儿肺炎患者住院信息。在单因素分析的基础上,进一步采用多元逐步回归模型进行多因素分析,分析影响小儿肺炎患者住院天数的可能影响因素。结果4150例小儿肺炎患者平均住院日为9.47 d,1~9 d的患儿有2774例,占比66.84%;9~20 d的患儿有1098例,占比26.46%;20 d以上的患儿有281例,占比6.77%。经多元逐步回归方程可知,特级护理、有无合并症、有无抢救、治疗结果、二级护理、一级护理、医保类型、入院方式和年龄对住院天数的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强影响小儿肺炎患者住院天数的因素控制,可有效降低平均住院日,有利于减轻社会和小儿肺炎患者家庭的负担。

Influencing factors of hospitalization days in children with pneumonia

Objective To explore the key factors influencing the length of stay of pediatric pneumonia patients in a third-class hospital in Chongqing,so as to provide valuable information for effectively reducing the average length of stay and reasonably using of effective health resources.Methods The information of 4150 pediatric pneumonia patients hospitalized in a third class hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 was collected for retrospective analysis.On the basis of single factor analysis,the multiple stepwise regression model was further used for multi-factor analysis to explore the possible factors affecting the length of stay of children with pneumonia.Results There were 4150 children with an average hospitalization day of 9.47 d,1-9 d in 2774 children with pneumonia,accounting for 66.84%;1098 children with 9-20 d,accounting for 26.46%;and 281 children with more than 20 d,accounting for 6.77%.According to the multiple stepwise regression equation,there were statistical significances(P<0.05)in the effects of special level nursing comorbidity,rescue,treatment results,second level nursing,first level nursing,medical insurance type,admission mode and age on the number of days in hospital.Conclusion Strengthening the control of factors affecting the length of stay of children with pneumonia can effectively reduce the average length of stay,which can bebeneficial to reduce the burden of society and families of children with pneumonia.