诱导痰细胞分类在嗜酸细胞性支气管炎诊断和治疗中的应用

目的探索诱导痰细胞分类在嗜酸细胞性支气管炎(EB)诊断和治疗中的作用。 方法回顾性分析我院门诊239例慢性咳嗽患者，依据慢性咳嗽中诊断标准，分为非EB组和EB组，分析两组诱导痰中细胞分类情况；同时给予EB患者进行8周治疗，观察经治疗后诱导痰中各细胞分类的改变情况。 结果239例慢性咳嗽患者中，非EB患者216例，占90.7%，EB患者23例，占9.3%，两组中共有121例(50.6%)患者诱导痰中嗜酸细胞百分比升高；非EB患者组细胞总计数为(4.83±2.61)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(4.56±10.07)%、中性粒细胞比例为(50.32±26.12)%、淋巴细胞比例为(5.14±7.27)%、单核巨噬细胞比例为(40.30±16.70)%，EB患者组痰中细胞总计数为(5.46±3.07)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(13.85±1 2.23)、中性粒细胞比例为(46.16±16.89)、淋巴细胞比例为(4.83±2.98)、单核巨噬细胞比例为(35.91±16.35)，两组间EB组嗜酸细胞比例有显著的增多(P<0.05)，在性别、年龄以及其余细胞成分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；EB患者组经治疗后，痰中细胞总计数为(4.07±3.89)×10⁶个/g、嗜酸细胞比例为(2.52±3.80)%、中性粒细胞比例为(54.18±17.97)%、淋巴细胞比例为(5.59±4.33)%、单核巨噬细胞比例为(38.32±17.23)%，嗜酸细胞较治疗前有显著减少(P<0.05)，其余细胞改变无显著差异(P>0.05)。 结论诱导痰细胞分类检查是诊断EB的重要方法，在其诊断和治疗过程中有着重要的指导作用，可作为EB治疗过程的监测指标。

Effect of induced sputum on diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic bronchitis

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of induced sputum on the diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic bronchitis (EB). MethodsA total of 239 outpatients with chronic cough in our hospital were divided into an EB group and a non-EB group according to the diagnosis standard of EB. The cells in the induced sputum were analyzed for all the patients. Then the patients in the EB group were treated for 8 weeks, and the changes of the induced sputum were detected after treatment. ResultsAmong the 239 patients with chronic cough, 216 (90.7%) were non-EB patients and 23 (9.3%) were EB patients. The percentage of eosinophils increased in the induced sputum of 121 (50.6%) patients in the two groups. The total cell count of non-EB patients was (4.83±2.61)×10⁶ cells/g, the proportion of eosinophils accounted for (4.56±10.07)%, and the proportion of neutrophils accounted for (50.32±26.12)%. The percentages of lymphocytes and monocyte-macrophages in the sputum accounted for (5.14±7.27)% and (40.30±16.70)%, respectively. In the induced sputum of the EB group, the total number of cells was (5.46±3.07)×10⁶ cells/g, the proportion of eosinophils accounted for (13.85±12.23)%, the proportion of neutrophils accounted for (46.16±16.89)%, the proportion of lymphocytes accounted for (4.83±2.98)%, and the monocyte-macrophages accounted for (35.91±16.35)%. The proportion of eosinophils was higher significantly in the EB group than the non-EB group (P<0.05). However, no significant difference was found in the sex, age or other cell components (P>0.05). After treatment in the EB group, the total number of cells was (4.70±3.89)×10⁶ cells/g, and the proportion of eosinophils accounted for (2.52±3.80)%, neutrophils for (54.18±17.97)%, lymphocytes for (5.59±4.33)%, and monocyte-macrophages for (38.32±17.23)% in the induced sputum. The proportion of eosinophils after treatment was significantly reduced compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference in other cell changes (P>0.05). ConclusionAnalyzing the induced sputum was an important method for the diagnosis of EB, which plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of EB, and can also be used as a detection index in the treatment of EB.