孕晚期血中维生素A、E和微量元素水平与胎儿生长发育的相关性研究

目的探讨孕晚期血中维生素A(VitA)、维生素E(VitE)和微量元素水平与胎儿生长发育的相关性。方法回顾分析2016年4月-2018年4月在镇江市妇幼保健院进行产检并分娩孕妇的临床资料,根据胎儿生长发育情况分为生长发育受限(FGR)组112例和正常组108例,比较两组孕妇孕晚期血中VitA、VitE及微量元素水平的差异,分析VitA、VitE及微量元素水平与胎儿出生体质量的相关性。结果FGR组孕妇孕晚期血中VitA、VitE、Zn、Ca、Fe水平均低于正常组孕妇,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);FGR组与正常组孕晚期血中Cu、Mg差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示:胎儿出生体质量与孕妇孕晚期血中VitE、Zn及Fe水平呈正相关(P<0.05),与VitA、Cu、Ca、Mg水平无相关性(P>0.05)。结论胎儿生长发育受限与孕妇孕晚期血中VitA、VitE和全血Zn、Ca、Fe水平偏低具有一定相关性,提示妊娠期间合理增加摄入维生素与微量元素有助于胎儿的正常生长发育。

Study on the correlations between blood levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,trace elements during the third trimester of pregnancy and fetal growth and development

Objective To explore the correlations between blood levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,trace elements during the third trimester of pregnancy and fetal growth and development.Methods The clinical data of pregnant women receiving prenatal examination and giving birth to their babies in Zhenjiang Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from April 2016 to April 2018 were analyzed retrospectively,then the pregnant women were divided into fetal growth restriction(FGR)group(112 cases)and normal group(108 cases)according to fetal growth and development.The differences of blood levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,trace elements during the third trimester of pregnancy were compared between the two groups.The correlations between blood levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,trace elements and birth weight were analyzed.Results The blood levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,zinc,calcium,and iron during the third trimester of pregnancy in FGR group were statistically significantly lower than those in normal group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in blood levels of copper and magnesium during the third trimester of pregnancy between FGR group and normal group(P>0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that birth weight was positively correlated with blood levels of vitamin E,zinc,and iron(P<0.05),which was not correlated with blood levels of vitamin A,copper,calcium,and magnesium(P>0.05).Conclusion There are certain correlations between FGR and low levels of vitamin A,vitamin E,zinc,calcium,and iron,which indicates that reasonable supplementation of vitamins and trace elements is helpful for fetal normal growth and development.