治疗性准分子激光角膜切削术及其进展

应用激光切削角膜表浅病变组织,即治疗性准分子激光角膜切削术（PTK）治疗角膜病已开展了20余年,近年来发展迅速,技术日趋完善,适应证得到拓展并且有严格的规范,安全性高。PTK已用于大泡性角膜病变、角膜的隆起性病损、角膜浅表炎症性病变、遗传性角膜营养不良性病变、翼状胬肉以及一些儿童浅表性角膜病变的治疗,PTK与其他疗法的联合应用在治疗角膜病变中也发挥着较好的治疗作用。此外PTK治疗浅表性角膜病变的安全性较好,不良反应小,可延迟或替代角膜移植术,具有较好的应用前景。就PTK在眼科临床应用中的注意事项、效果、安全性、并发症、适应证等研究进展进行综述。

Current progression in excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy

Phototherapeutic keratectomy(PTK)has been employed as a surgical tool to treat corneal disease for about 20 years.PTK made it possible to remove superficial corneal opacities and thereby restore vision by splitting molecules of biological tissue with 193 nm ultraviolet light.Recently,the development of the excimer laser technique is more rapid.It has principally focused on refractive surgery but has also benefited PTK.Anterior corneal pathology,such as elevated lesions,stromal opacities,corneal scars,corneal dystrophies and corneal degenerations etc,can be visually devastating.Over the past decade,there was a shift in the treatment of these conditions from corneal transplantation to PTK for visual restoration.PTK is a powerful tool for the management of anterior corneal pathology.In a properly selected and well-counseled patient,PTK can significantly improve vision and quality of life.This article reviews the recent literature of techniques for performing and refining PTK and also of various pathologic conditions that can be treated with PTK.