Minimum 10-Year Outcome of One-Stage Total Hip Arthroplasty Without Subtrochanteric Osteotomy Using a Cementless Custom Stem for Crowe III and IV Hip Dislocation

Background

Options for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in high dislocated hips include subtrochanteric osteotomy (STO), high hip center positioning, and 2-stage surgery with progressive lowering using an external fixator before THA. We described the long-term results of 1-stage THA performed without STO, using a cementless customized stem associated if necessary with sequential tenotomies and/or greater trochanteric osteotomy.

Methods

Ninety-eight consecutive THA without STO were performed using this technique. Of those 98 hips, 26 hips with high dislocation (12 class III and 14 class IV according to the Crowe classification) were evaluated at an average follow-up of 16 (10-22) years.

Results

At the time of last follow-up, the mean Harris Hip Score was 86 points (37-100). The mean leg-length discrepancy was 7 ± 5 mm (0-17). Two transient (7.7%) nerve palsies (1 sciatic and 1 femoral) were notified. A revision was required for 6 hips (23.1%). Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis at 15 years regarding aseptic loosening of the femoral component was 87.5% (95% confidence interval, 76.5-99.1). During the same period, acetabular implant survivorship free from revision for aseptic loosening was 96.1% (95% confidence interval, 92.7-99.9).

Conclusion

The combination of intramedullary fit and extramedullary adaptation for offset and anteversion provided by the custom stem can avoid additional procedures associated to THA in high developmental dysplasia of the hip. The clinical function and long-term survival reported in this series is encouraging for THA performed in case of high hip dislocation.