重视儿童造血干细胞移植(HSCT)术后并发症影像学表现

造血干细胞移植（HSCT）在治疗各种儿科难治性良性疾病和恶性肿瘤中具有越来越重要的作用，而诊断和干预HSCT术后并发症影响疗效和预后。目前针对HSCT术后并发症虽已取得可喜成果，但仍面临着不能尽早准确诊断并及时治疗的困境。医学影像学的发展为此提供了助力。HSCT术后常见中枢神经系统感染和可逆性后循环脑病、肺部感染、累及胃肠道和肺部移植物抗宿主疾病以及少见的移植后淋巴增殖性疾病等均具有某些影像学特征性表现，有助于诊断和鉴别并为临床提供重要帮助。

Pay more attention to imaging presentations of complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) plays an more and more important role in treatment of a variety of refractory benign and malignant diseases in children. Nevertheless, diagnosis and intervention of post-transplantation complications of HSCT impact the efficacy and prognosis. Although great achievements have been achieved in relative fields, there are still dilemmas of being not able to accurate diagnose and timely treat these complications. The development of imaging technique provides assistance for management of this condition. The common diseases occurred after HSCT, including central nervous system infection and reversible posterior circulation encephalopathy, pulmonary infection, graft-versus-host disease involved gastrointestinal tract and lung, as well as rare post transplant lymphoproliferative diseases, have some imaging characteristics that being helpful to diagnosis and differentiation, and would provide important assistances for clinical work.