Activated adult human alveolar bone cells: a new model of matrix mineralization

Activated adult human alveolar bone cells were isolated from 2-wk-old osteogenic tissue recuperated from dental implant surgeries following a two-step procedure. Osteogenic tissues were cultured as explant for 2 months. Cells began to migrate in the first 3 d and were confluent in 3–4 wk. However, adjacent to the explants, multicellular cell layers began to form in 10 d, and matrix mineralization was observed by 4 wk in these areas. These formations enlarged and by the end of the culture period, large diffuse matrix mineralization areas were observed. Light and electron microscopic observations confirmed the presence of a collagen matrix undergoing a mineralization process but showing important differences with the mineralized matrix tissue formed with a rat embryo calvaria bone cell system. This new model, using activated human alveolar bone cells, may provide a tool to investigate alveolar bone development and physiology and to set up new therapeutic approaches.