526名四年级小学生新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行模式干预效果

目的 评价医疗机构联合学校进行健康教育的模式对小学生新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行模式干预的效果,为学校新冠肺炎疫情防控提供有效依据。方法 采用便利抽样方法,于2021年4月选取阜阳市颍州区2所小学所有四年级学生共526人,实施3个月的新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行模式干预后,对干预前后的知信行情况进行问卷调查,评价干预效果。结果 干预后,小学生新冠肺炎疫情防控知识总知晓率、总正确态度拥有率、总正确行为依从率分别从45.59%(1 199)、53.52%(1 126)、38.94%(1 229)上升至97.76%(2 571)、97.43%(2 050)、89.83%(2 835)(χ^(2)分别为1 762.65、1 096.12、1 781.72,P值均<0.001)。小学生健康教育接受程度比较:最受小学生欢迎的是开展洗手、戴口罩等比赛,学生的喜欢程度为92.78%。结论 校园内开展新冠肺炎疫情防控知识健康教育,可以改善小学生新冠肺炎疫情防控知信行情况,有利于学校应对新冠肺炎疫情采取有效的防控措施。

Effect of knowledge,attitude and practice model on prevention and control of COVID-19 in 526 fourth grade pupils

Objective To evaluate the effect of health education model based on medical institutions and schools on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) intervention in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in primary school students, so as to provide effective evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in schools. Methods A total of 526 fourth grade students from 2 primary schools in Yingzhou District of Fuyang City were selected by convenient sampling method in April, 2021. Before and after three months of KAP model intervention for the prevention and control of COVID-19, two questionnaire surveys were conducted on KAP to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results After the intervention, the total awareness rate of COVID-19 prevention and control knowledge, the total correct attitude possession rate and the total correct practice compliance rate of primary school students increased from 45.59% (1 199), 53.52% (1 126) and 38.94% (1 229) to 97.76% (2 571), 97.43% (2 050) and 89.83% (2 835) respectively (χ2=1 762.65, 1 096.12 and 1 781.72, P<0.001). Compared with the primary school students’ acceptance of health education, the most popular among primary school students was to carry out competitions such as washing hands and wearing masks. The students’ liking was 92.78%. Conclusion Carrying out health education on the prevention and control of COVID-19 in the campus can improve KAP of COVID-19 prevention and control in primary school students, and help schools to take effective prevention and control measures against COVID-19.