儿童头部16排移动CT低剂量扫描成像及辐射损伤风险控制

目的分析14岁及以下颅脑疾病患儿头部16排移动CT低剂量扫描成像质量及辐射损伤风险控制情况。 方法纳入2017年3月至2020年1月期间解放军总医院第七医学中心放射诊断科和廊坊爱德堡医院脑科中心收治的14岁及以下颅脑疾病患儿180例，其中0~3岁组20例、4~14岁组160例，观察16排移动CT的低剂量成像质量。同时采集0~3岁组（10例）、4~14岁组（20例）、成年人组（20例）的容积CT剂量指数（CTDIvol）、剂量长度乘积（DLP）和人体吸收剂量（ED）进行对比，并选取同期解放军总医院第七医学中心放射诊断科采用8排移动CT及64排大型CT扫描的成年患者各20例，对比分析3种不同类型辐射剂量指标变化。 结果14岁及以下患儿低剂量头部扫描成像质量稳定，符合临床诊断要求。辐射剂量指标比较显示，成年人组的CTDIvol和DLP值与0~3岁组、4~14岁组比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而3组受检者的ED比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。16排移动CT成年人组的CTDIvol、DLP及ED值与8排移动CT组、64排大型CT比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论14岁及以下患儿头部16排移动CT低剂量扫描对成像质量无明显影响，辐射剂量指标显著降低，有效控制了辐射损伤风险。

16-slice mobile CT low-dose scanning imaging of children's head and risks control of radiation injury

ObjectiveTo analyze the imaging quality and radiation injury risk control of 16-slice mobile CT low-dose scanning in the head of children aged 14 years and below with craniocerebral diseases. MethodsA total of 180 children aged 14 and below with craniocerebral diseases were admitted in the Radiodiagnosis Department of the 7^th Medical Center of the PLA Hospital and the Brain Center of Langfang Edburg Hospital from March 2017 to January 2020, including 20 children aged 0-3 years and 160 children aged 4-14 years. The low-dose imaging quality of 16-slice mobile CT was observed. At the same time, the volume CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP) and human effective dose (ED) of the 0-3 years old group (10 cases), the 4-14 years old group (20 cases), and the adult group (20 cases) were collected. Twenty adult patients with 8-slice mobile CT and 64-slice large CT scans were selected in the same period from the Radiodiagnosis Department of the 7^th Medical Center of the PLA Hospital for comparison and analysis of the changes of three different types of radiation dose indicators. ResultsThe imaging quality of low-dose head scan in children aged 14 years and below is stable and meets the requirements of clinical diagnosis. The comparison of radiation dose indicators shows that the CTDIvol and DLP values of the adult group were significantly different from those of the 0-3 year old group and the 4-14 year old group, while the ED values of the 3 groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The CTDIvol, DLP and ED values in the 16-slice mobile CT adult group were significantly different from those in the 8-slice mobile CT group and 64-slice large CT group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe low-dose scan of 16-slice mobile CT in children aged 14 years and below had no significant effect on the image quality, but the radiation dose index decreased significantly, which effectively controlled the risk of radiation injury.