160例乳腺癌化疗患者支持性照护需求现状及其影响因素研究

目的 了解乳腺癌化疗患者支持性照护需求现状及影响因素,为制订乳腺癌病人支持性照护策略提供参考依据。方法 2021年1—6月采用方便抽样法选取徐州医科大学附属医院的160例乳腺癌化疗患者,采用一般资料调查表、中文版支持性照护需求量表和癌症自我管理效能感量表进行调查。组间比较采用t检验、方差分析,影响因素采用分层回归分析。结果 乳腺癌化疗患者支持性照护需求总分为(192.96±54.95)分,其中卫生系统服务与信息需求维度得分最高,为(55.21±16.75)分。98例患者(61.25%)表示卫生系统服务与信息需求未满足。Pearson相关分析显示,患者自我管理效能感总分及各维度得分与支持性照护需求总分及各维度得分均呈负相关(P<0.01)。分层回归分析结果显示,居住地、化疗次数和自我管理效能感是乳腺癌化疗患者支持性照护需求的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 乳腺癌化疗患者支持性照护需求程度较高;医护人员应注重患者的自我管理效能感的评估和干预,从而降低患者的支持性照护需求水平。

Study on status quo and influencing factors of supportive care needs of 160 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of supportive care needs of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, so as to provide a reference for formulating supportive care strategies for breast cancer patients. Methods From January to June 2021, 160 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected by a convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of supportive care demand scale, and the cancer self-management efficacy scale were used to investigate. T-test and analysis of variance were used for comparison between groups, and hierarchical regression analysis was used for influencing factors. Results The average total score of supportive care needs of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was (192.96±54.95), among which the score of health system service and information needs was the highest (55.21±16.75). Totally 98 patients (61.25%) said that the service and information needs of the health system were not met. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of self-management self-efficacy and the scores of all dimensions were negatively correlated with the total score of supportive care needs and the scores of all dimensions (P<0.01). The results of stratified regression analysis showed that residence, chemotherapy frequency, and self-management efficacy were the main influencing factors of supportive care needs of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy have a higher demand for supportive care. Medical staff should pay attention to the evaluation and intervention of patients’ self-management efficacy, so as to reduce the level of patients’ demand for supportive care.