中小学生视疲劳发生及其风险因素的研究

目的 探讨中小学生视疲劳发生现状及其风险因素,为后期改善学生视觉健康提供理论基础。方法 随机抽取广东省4市5～12年级中小学生1 909名,填写《视疲劳症状问卷》和《体育活动等级量表》。结果 中小学生视疲劳发生率为34.5%,男生为32.3%、女生为36.7%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.544,P=0.045);二分类logistic回归结果显示,学生在高中阶段发生视疲劳风险是小学5～6年级的1.310倍;近视发生视疲劳风险是视力正常的1.550倍;肥胖学生发生视疲劳风险是正常体质指数学生的1.827倍;小运动量发生视疲劳风险是大运动量的1.425倍。结论 广东省中小学生视疲劳检出率较高,其中运动量不足是视疲劳的危险因素,应增加中小学生体育运动量并采取预防措施。

Study on occurrence and risk factors of asthenopia in primary and secondary school students

Objective To ascertain the current status and risk factors of asthenopia of primary and secondary school students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving students' visual health. Methods A total of 1 909 primary and secondary school students from grade 5 to grade 12 in four cities of Guangdong Province were randomly selected to fill in "The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey" and "The Physical Activity Scale-3". Results The incidence of asthenopia among the primary and secondary school students was 34.5%; boys accounted for 32.3% and girls 36.7% (χ2=3.544, P=0.045). The binary logistic regression showed that the risk of visual fatigue in senior high school students was 1.310 times higher than that in the students in Grade 5-6 of primary school. The risk of asthenopia in the students with myopia was 1.550 times higher than that in the students with normal vision. The risk of visual fatigue in obese students was 1.827 times higher than that in normal body mass index students. The risk of visual fatigue in the students with small amount of exercises was 1.425 times higher than that in the students with large amount of exercises. Conclusion The detection rate of asthenopia among the primary and secondary school students in Guangdong Province is high. Insufficient physical activity is a risk factor for asthenopia, and therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the students' physical activity and take other preventive measures.