583名社区卫生工作者新冠肺炎疫情期间的焦虑状态与社会支持的关系分析

目的 分析583名湖北社区卫生工作者面对新冠肺炎心理时焦虑症状与社会支持的关系,为预防社区卫生工作者心理焦虑症状提供数据支持。方法 通过查阅文献和咨询专家设计调查问卷,采用汉密尔顿焦虑自评量表和社会支持评定量表于2020年3月17日—3月22日对湖北社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院583名社区卫生工作者进行测评。采用Pearson相关分析焦虑状态与社会支持、主观支持、客观支持和支持利用度的关系。结果 新冠肺炎期间社区卫生工作者汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分为(8.49±6.60),社会支持、主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度评分分别为(41.22±7.49、24.61±5.00、8.93±2.48、7.68±1.87)。Pearson相关分析显示,社会支持、主观支持、客观支持、支持利用度评分与焦虑评分均呈负相关,r值分别为-0.235(P<0.001)、-0.211(P<0.001)、-0.087(P=0.036)、-0.260(P<0.001),差异有统计学意义。结论 在新冠肺炎疫情中,被调查的583名湖北社区卫生工作者焦虑症状评分较高,社区卫生工作者的社会支持水平越高,越有可能缓解其焦虑情绪。医疗机构管理者可采取有针对性的措施积极预防干预。

Analysis of relationship between anxiety and social support among 583 community health workers during COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To analyze the relationship between anxiety symptoms and social support of 583 community health workers in Hubei Province during COVID-19 epidemic period so as to provide the datum support for further psychological intervention. Methods A questionnaire was designed by literature review and consulting experts. The Hamilton anxiety self-rating scale and the social support rating scale were used to evaluate the anxiety symptoms and social support of 583 medical workers in Hubei community health service center and township hospitals from 17 to 22 March 2020. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between anxiety state and social support, subjective support, objective support, and support utilization. Results During COVID-19 epidemic period, the average Hamilton anxiety self-rating scale score of community health workers was (8.49±6.60), and the average scores of social support, subjective support, objective support, and support utilization were (41.22±7.49), (24.61±5.00), (8.93±2.48) and (7.68±1.87), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that social support, subjective support, objective support, and support utilization were negatively correlated with anxiety scores, with r value being -0.235 (P<0.001), -0.211 (P<0.001), -0.087 (P=0.036), and -0.260 (P<0.001). Conclusions During the COVID-19 epidemic period, the anxiety scores of the surveyed 583 community health workers in Hubei Province are relatively high. The higher the level of social support, the more likely it is to relive their anxiety. Managers of medical institutions can take targeted measures to actively prevent the anxiety.