广州市番禺区10734名中小学生健康状况调查分析

目的 了解广州市番禺区中小学生常见病患病情况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法 对2019年13所中小学校学生健康体检资料共10 734人份进行统计分析，检出率组间比较用χ²检验。结果 总检出率依次为：视力低下(48.46%)、龋齿(50.15%)、沙眼(2.74%)、营养不良(12.32%)、肥胖(4.65%)、超重(7.98%)。其中，男女学生在视力低下、肥胖、超重的检出率存在差异；视力低下的检出率女生高于男生(χ²=50.05,P<0.001)；肥胖、超重检出率男生高于女生(χ²=41.83,P<0.001；χ²=45.42,P<0.001)；小学生和中学生之间在视力低下、龋齿、营养不良、肥胖、超重等几个方面的检出率存在差异，视力低下、超重检出率中学生高于小学生(χ²=1 101.73,P<0.001，χ²=5.23,P=0.010)；龋齿、营养不良、肥胖检出率小学生高于中学生(χ²=206.19,P<...

Investigation and analysis of health status of 10, 734 primary and secondary school students in Panyu District of Guangzhou City

Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases among primary and middle school students in Panyu District of Guangzhou City, so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and treatment. Methods Totally 10 734 students’ physical examination data from 13 primary and secondary schools in 2019 were statistically analyzed, and the detection rates were compared between groups by χ2 inspection. Results The total detection rates were as follows: low vision (48.46%), dental caries (50.15%), trachoma (2.74%), malnutrition (12.32%), obesity (4.65%), and overweight (7.98%). Among them, there were differences between male and female students in the detection rates of low vision, obesity, and overweight. The detection rate of low vision in girls was higher than that in boys (χ2=50.05, P<0.001). The detection rates of obesity and overweight in boys were higher than those in girls (χ2=41.83, P<0.001; χ2=45.42, P<0.001). There were differences in the detection rates of low vision, dental caries, malnutrition, obesity, and overweight between primary school students and secondary school students. The detection rates of low vision and overweight in secondary school students were higher than those in primary school students (χ2=1 101.73, P<0.001, χ2=5.23, P=0.010). The detection rates of dental caries, malnutrition, and obesity in primary school students were higher than those in middle school students (χ2=206.19, P<0.001; χ2=52.11, P<0.001; χ2=5.68, P=0.020). There were differences in the detection rates of low vision, dental caries, malnutrition, obesity, and overweight among students of different types of primary schools. The detection rates of low vision, obesity, and overweight in urban primary school students were higher than those in rural primary school students and migrant workers‘ primary school students (χ2=109.89, 8.98, 27.98, all P<0.001). The detection rates of dental caries and malnutrition in migrant workers‘ primary school students were higher than those in urban and rural primary school students (χ2=107.93, 44.21, all P<0.001). Conclusion The health problems of primary and middle school students in Panyu District are low vision, dental caries, poor nutrition, obesity, and overweight, especially in migrant workers‘ primary school students, which should be paid attention to by relevant departments.