某高校大学生体育锻炼与睡眠质量及心理复原力的关系研究

目的 调查疫情防控常态化背景下大学生体育锻炼、睡眠质量和心理复原情况,为维护大学生身心健康提供依据。方法 以西南某省公安院校604名大学生为研究对象,采用体育锻炼等级量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表和心理复原力量表,通过问卷星平台开展调查,使用SPSS 21.0软件统计分析疫情背景下体育锻炼、睡眠质量与心理复原力的关系,主要统计学方法包括Mann-whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验、t检验、方差分析及多重线性回归分析等。结果 173人(28.6%)达到大锻炼量,128人(21.2%)中等锻炼量,303人(50.2%)仅有小锻炼量。PSQI得分≥8分者97人,睡眠障碍检出率为16.1%。不同体育锻炼量的大学生睡眠质量、心理复原力得分差异均有统计学意义(H=14.981,P=0.001;F=13.708,P<0.001)。多重线性回归分析显示,体育锻炼的持续时间、睡眠质量总体自评和日间功能障碍是心理复原力的影响因素(β=1.483,P=0.010;β=-3.083,P=0.001,β=-1.556,P=0.015)。Bootstrap检验显示,睡眠质量在体育锻炼与心理复原力之间发挥部分中介作用,效应值为0.049,占总效应的24.40%。结论 体育锻炼对大学生的睡眠质量和心理复原力有积极影响。在疫情防控常态化背景下,学校及有关部门应在体育锻炼持续时间的有效性及睡眠功能障碍的监测与改善方面加强相关指导,维护大学生身心健康发展。

Relationship between physical exercises,sleep quality and psychological resilience of students in a college

Objective To investigate the physical exercises, sleep quality and psychological resilience of college students under the background of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, so as to provide evidences for maintaining college students' physical and mental health. Methods Based on the online survey platform of Questionnaire Star, the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used upon 604 police college students to investigate the influence of physical exercises on sleep quality and mental recovery. SPSS21.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data. The main statistical methods included Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, independent sample t-test, one-way Anova, and multiple linear regression analysis, etc. Results A total of 173 people (28.6%) had a large amount of exercises, 128 people (21.2%) had a medium amount of exercises, and 303 people (50.2%) had only a small amount of exercises. Totally 97 cases had PSQI score≥8, and the detection rate of sleep disorder was 16.1%. The scores of sleep quality and psychological resilience of college students with different amounts of physical exercises were statistically significant (H=14.981, P=0.001; F=13.708, P<0.001). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the duration of physical exercises, the overall self-assessment of sleep quality and the daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of psychological resilience (β=1.483, P=0.010; β=-3.083, P=0.001, β=-1.556, P=0.015). Bootstrap test showed that sleep quality played a partial intermediary role between physical exercises and psychological resilience, and the effect value was 0.049, accounting for 24.40% of the total effect. Conclusions Physical exercises have a positive effect on the sleep quality and psychological resilience of college students. In the context of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, schools and relevant departments should strengthen the relevant guidance on the effectiveness of physical exercise duration and the monitoring and improvement of sleep dysfunction,so as to maintain the physical and mental health development of college students.