东海县278名农村中小学生维生素D营养状况分析

目的 了解东海县农村中小学生血清25-(OH)D水平,评估农村中小学生维生素D营养状况。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,调查278名农村中小学生血清25-(OH)D水平,分析采用t检验、χ2检验等方法。结果 278名农村中小学生血清25-(OH)D平均水平为(14.50±0.50)ng/mL,男生为(14.86±0.39)ng/mL,女生为(14.15±0.61)ng/mL,差异无统计学意义(t=0.277,P ＞0.05 );4个年龄组血清25-(OH)D水平差异有统计学意义(F=35.517, P<0.001),其中6～8岁组最高,为(18.19±0.38)ng/mL,12～14岁组最低,为(10.59±0.36)ng/mL。25-(OH)D营养状况正常率仅为13.31％,不足率为24.82％,缺乏率为60.79％,严重缺乏率为1.08％;男女生血清25-(OH)D营养状况差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.450,P<0.05 ),农村中小学生随着年龄增长维生素D营养状况缺乏率呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=49.932,P<0.001)。结论 东海县农村中小学生维生素D营养状况较差,应倡导学生多参加户外活动,合理饮食,必要时补充维生素D制剂。

Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status of 278 rural primary and secondary school students in Donghai County

Objective To understand the serum 25-(OH)D levels and assess the vitamin D nutritional status of rural primary and secondary school students in Donghai County. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the serum 25-(OH)D levels of 278 rural primary and secondary school students, and the analysis was performed by t-test and χ2 test. Results The mean serum 25-(OH)D level of 278 rural primary and secondary school students was (14.50±0.50) ng/ml, including (14.86±0.39) ng/ml for boys and (14.15±0.61) ng/ml for girls, with no statistically significant difference (t=0.277, P>0.05 ). The difference in the serum 25-(OH)D levels among the four age groups were statistically significant (t=0.277, P>0.05). The difference was statistically significant (F=35.517, P<0.001), with the highest rate of (18.19±0.38) ng/ml in the 6-8 years group and the lowest rate of (10.59±0.36) ng/ml in the 12-14 years group. The 25-(OH)D nutritional status was only 13.31% normal, 24.82% deficient, 60.79% scarce, and 1.08% severely deficient. The difference in serum 25-(OH)D nutritional status between the male and female students was statistically significant (χ2=7.450, P<0.05 ), and the rate of vitamin D nutritional status deficiency among rural primary and secondary school students increased with age (χ2trend=49.932, P<0.001). Conclusion The urban residents has tolerableness attitude on DUI in Huaian City. Targeted health education and media campaigns, combining with effective law enforcement can prevent drunk driving effectively.