支气管镜介入治疗10例儿童获得性声门下狭窄的临床观察

目的探讨支气管镜介入治疗儿童获得性声门下狭窄(subglottic stenosis, SGS)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2019年1月–2020年12月重庆医科大学附属儿童医院收治的10例获得性SGS患儿临床资料,以及治疗后1周、1个月、3个月和6个月的随访资料。观察经支气管镜介入治疗(包括球囊扩张、钬激光、冷冻等)儿童获得性SGS的疗效。结果 10例获得性SGS患儿中男5例,女5例,年龄范围1月～6岁5月,中位数为11月1天。5例急性获得性SGS患儿中2例单用球囊扩张,临床治愈1例、临床好转1例,3例采取球囊扩张、钬激光、冷冻等综合介入治疗,临床治愈2例、临床好转1例。5例慢性获得性SGS患儿中,使用综合介入方式临床治愈4例,1例球囊扩张介入术后4+h因上气道梗阻加重,再次给予有创机械通气治疗4 d不能撤离呼吸机,家长放弃治疗后死亡。术后1周、1个月和3个月复查支气管镜,狭窄有不同程度的改善。结论支气管镜介入治疗儿童获得性SGS可取得较好疗效。

The Effect of Interventional Treatment with Bronchoscopy in 10 Children with Acquired Subglottic Stenosis

  Objective  To explore the effects of interventional therapy with bronchoscopy in children with acquired subglottic stenosis (SGS).   Methods  The clinical data of ten pediatric inpatients with acquired SGS who were admitted to Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, as well as their follow-up information obtained 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the procedure was done.were retrospectively analyzed to examine the effect of interventional bronchoscopic therapies, including balloon dilatation, holmium laser, and cryotherapy, in pediatric patients with acquired SGS.  Results  Among the 10 patients with acquired SGS, there were 5 boys and 5 girls aged between 1 month and 6 years and 5 months, with a median age of 11 months and 1 day. Among the 5 patients with acute acquired SGS, two were treated with balloon dilatation only, with one cured and one showing clinical improvement, while three received comprehensive interventional therapy combining balloon dilatation, holmium laser, and cryotherapy, with two cured and one showing improvement. Among the 5 patients with chronic acquired SGS, four cases were cured with comprehensive interventional therapy, while one case suffered from aggravated upper airway obstruction 4+ hours after balloon dilatation. The patient was subsequently put on invasive mechanical ventilation for 4 days, but was unable to be extubated. The parents signed do-not-resuscitate order and the patient died afterwards. Bronchoscopy performed 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after the procedure was done showed that the SGS was improved to varying degrees.  Conclusion  Bronchoscopy intervention is an effective therapy for acquired SGS in children.