2020年宿迁市儿童青少年近视现状分析

目的 了解宿迁市城乡儿童青少年的近视状况及其影响因素,为制定综合防控措施提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,兼顾城市和农村、中小学校和幼儿园。对中、小学生和5.5～6.5岁幼儿园儿童进行远视力检查、屈光检测,对近视现状进行分析。结果 2020年宿迁市儿童青少年近视率为46.43%,女生近视率为47.38%,高于男生的45.55%(W=6910906.00,P=0.136),城区学生近视率为55.09%,高于郊县学生的34.60%(W=4933511.50,P＜0.001),高中生近视率(93.02%)>初中生(85.76%)＞小学生(27.75%)＞幼儿园大班儿童(8.73%)(F=5028.93,P＜0.001),轻度近视率(46.11%)＞中度(41.99%)＞重度(11.90%)。(χ2趋势=419.31,P＜0.001)。结论 宿迁市初、高中学生近视率较高,应采取有针对性的综合干预措施加以控制。

Analysis of current situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Suqian City in 2020

Objective To understand the myopia status and its influencing factors of urban and rural children and adolescents in Suqian City, so as to provide the scientific evidence for formulating comprehensive prevention and control measures. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling was used, taking into account urban and rural areas, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens. Far vision examination and refractive test were carried out for middle and primary school students and kindergarten children aged 5.5-6.5 years. The current situation of myopia was analyzed. Results In 2020, the myopia rate of children and adolescents in Suqian City was 46.43%, and that of girls was 47.38%, which was higher than 45.55% of boys (w=6910906.00, P=0.136). The myopia rate of urban students was 55.09%, which was higher than that of suburban students: 34.60% (w=4933511.50, P<0.001). The myopia rate of senior high school students was 93.02%, which was higher than that (85.76%) of junior high school students; the myopia rate of primary school students was 27.75%, which was higher than that (8.73%) of large class children in kindergartens (F=5028.93, P<0.001). In addition, the mild myopia rate was 46.11%, the moderate myopia rate was 41.99%, and the severe myopia rate was 11.90%. (χ2trend=419.31, P<0.001). Conclusion The myopia rate of junior and senior high school students in Suqian City is high, and targeted comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to control it.