2016—2020年日照市区小学三年级学生视力不良状况分析

目的 了解近几年日照市区小学三年级学生的视力不良状况,为视力不良防控工作提供依据。方法整群抽取日照市区5所小学3年级11 322名学生2016—2020年视力检查资料,采用χ2检验对视力不良率、视力不良程度构成比进行比较,分析2016—2020学生视力不良变化情况。结果 2016—2020年小学三年级学生视力不良率由18.18%上升到40.32%,2020年视力不良率(40.32%)较2019年(41.77%)降低了1.45%,但总体呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=470.205,P<0.001)。女生视力不良总检出率32.89%,高于男生的26.99%(χ^(2)=46.922,P<0.001);2020年视力不良轻度占比较2016年降低11.25%,重度占比上升9.52%。5年间视力不良程度分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=68.023,P<0.001)。结论 虽然2020年视力不良率较2019年略有下降,但2016—2020年三年级学生视力不良率总体呈上升态势且视力不良严重程度占比增加。应加强小学生视力干预,抓早抓小,切实预防、控制视力不良的发生。

Analysis of poor eyesight of third grade primary school students in Rizhao City from 2016 to 2020

Objective To investigate the rate and epidemiological features of poor eyesight among the third grade students, so as to provide the evidence for improving the prevention and control of poor eyesight. Methods By using the random cluster sampling method, 11 322 students of third grade from 5 primary schools were selected as the investigation subjects. The rate of poor eyesight was calculated annually. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the development trend of poor eyesight. Results From 2016 to 2020, the rate of poor eyesight of the third grade primary school students increased from 18.18% to 40.32%, and the rate of poor eyesight in 2020 (40.32%) decreased by 1.45% compared with that in 2019 (41.77%), but it showed an overall upward trend (χ2trend=470.205, P<0.001). The total detection rate of poor vision in girls was 32.89%, which was higher than 26.99% in boys (χ2=46.922, P<0.001). In 2020, compared with 2016, the proportion of mild visual impairment decreased by 11.25%, and the proportion of severe visual impairment increased by 9.52%. There was a significant difference in the distribution of poor visual acuity in 5 years (χ2=68.023, P<0.001). Conclusions Although the rate of poor eyesight in 2020 decreased slightly compared with that in 2019, the rate of poor eyesight of the third grade students showed an overall upward trend from 2016 to 2020, and the proportion of the severity of poor eyesight increased. We should strengthen the eyesight intervention of primary school students, pay much attention to them as early as possible, so as to effectively prevent and control the occurrence of poor eyesight.