江苏某高校医学生对医护职业危害防护的知晓及态度研究

目的 了解在校医学生对医护岗位职业危害防护的知识和态度情况,为制定相应的健康教育对策提供依据。方法 采用分层随机抽样和问卷星线上调查的形式对462名医学生进行职业危害防护知识和态度的调查。结果 医学生对职业安全防护知识回答全部正确率仅为13.4 %,不同年级比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.720,P=0.020),其中最高的是大五年级学生(24.3%),大一学生最低(6.2%);不同专业比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.218,P=0.516),但是医学影像学专业学生回答全部正确率最低(7.7%),最高为护理学专业学生(16.0%)。而针对喷溅物的防护、医务人员的标准防护的回答正确率,各专业差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.063,P=0.021;χ2=9.428,P=0.042),护理学专业学生回答正确率最高(100%)。在职业危害防护的态度方面,97.0%的学生认为有必要掌握职业安全防护措施,95.2%的医学生建议在学校开设职业防护课程。结论 在校医学生对医护职业危害防护知识的认知程度较低,迫切需要加强预防医学和相关职业防护教育和培训,提高医学生职业防护意识和能力,预防关口前移,为新一代医护人员的健康打下基础。

Study on awareness and attitude of medical students to occupational hazard protection in a university in Jiangsu Province

Objective To understand the status of awareness and attitude of medical students to occupational hazard protection, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the corresponding countermeasures. Methods The stratified random sampling and online questionnaires were used to select the study objects and to investigate the knowledge and attitude of 462 medical students towards the protection of occupational hazards. Results The correct answer rate of medical students on occupational protection knowledge was 13.4%. The difference among grades was statistically significant (χ2=11.720, P=0.020), the correct answer rate of senior students was the highest (24.3%), and that of freshmen students was the lowest (6.2%). There were no statistical differences among different majors (χ2=3.218, P=0.516), but the correct answer rate of medical imaging students was the lowest (7.7%), the highest was nursing students (16.0%). The correct answer rates of two questions about protection against splashes and standard protection of medical workers were statistically different among different majors (χ2=11.063, P=0.021; χ2=9.428, P=0.042, respectively), and the correct answer rates of nursing students were the highest (100%). In terms of attitude, 97.0% of the students thought it was necessary to master occupational protection measures, and 95.2% of the students suggest to set up occupational protection courses. Conclusion The medical students have a low level of knowledge about occupational protection of medical workers, so it is urgent to strengthen relevant occupational protection education and training to improve their awareness and ability of occupational protection.