成都市2 137名大学生新冠肺炎健康素养现状及其影响因素

目的 了解成都市部分大学生新冠肺炎防治健康素养现状及其影响因素,为高校优化大学生疫情防控健康教育策略提供依据。方法 通过滚雪球方法,网络邀请成都市10所大学的在校学生进行匿名问卷调查,问卷包含知识、态度、行为3个维度,正确回答率≥80%者视为具备新冠肺炎防治健康素养;采用χ2检验、logistic回归分析影响因素。结果 共回收问卷2 315份,其中有效问卷2 137份,有效率为92.31%。成都市2 137名大学生新冠肺炎健康素养水平为74.78%,知识、态度、行为素养水平分别为69.77%、79.64%和77.45%。新冠肺炎总体健康素养多因素分析结果显示:男生高于女生(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.73～3.41);与大一学生相比,大四及以上学生最高(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.08～3.56);汉族学生高于少数民族学生(OR=33.59,95%CI:24.5～46.05);医学生高于非医学生(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.4～2.51);与家庭月收入＜3 000元的学生相比,家庭月收入在1万元以上的学生最高(OR=7.72,95%CI:4.37～13.64)。结论 成都市2 137名大学生新冠肺炎健康素养总体较好,但知识素养水平整体偏低。加强对女学生、少数民族学生、非医学生、低收入家庭的学生和低年级学生群体的健康素养教育,对提高大学生健康素养水平具有重要意义。

Health literacy status on COVID-19 and influencing factors of 2 137 college students in Chengdu City

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of health literacy on COVID-19 prevention and control among some college students in Chengdu City, so as to provide references for colleges to optimize the health education strategy on COVID-19 prevention and control among college students. Methods By the snowball method, students from ten universities in Chengdu City were invited to carry out anonymous questionnaires on the Internet. The questionnaires included three dimensions: knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Those with a correct response rate ≥ 80% were considered to have health literacy for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The influencing factors were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic regression. Results A total of 2 315 questionnaires were collected, of which 2 137 were effective, with an effective rate of 92.31%. The health literacy level of 2 137 college students with COVID-19 was 74.78%, and the literacy level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior were 69.77%, 79.64%, and 77.45% respectively. The results of multivariate analysis on the overall health literacy of COVID-19 showed that boys were higher than girls (OR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.73 -3.41). Compared with the first-year students, the fourth-year and above students were the highest (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.08 -3.56). Han students were higher than minority students (OR=33.59, 95% CI: 24.5 -46.05). Medical students were higher than non-medical students (OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.4 -2.51). Compared with the students whose family monthly income was less than 3 000 yuan, the students whose family monthly income was more than 10 000 yuan were the highest (OR=7.72, 95% CI: 4.37 -13.64). Conclusions In Chengdu City, the health literacy on COVID-19 prevention and control of 2 137 college students is generally good, but the level of knowledge literacy is generally low. Strengthening the health literacy education for female students, ethnic minority students, non-medical students, students from low-income families, and lower grade students is of great significance to improve the health literacy level of college students.