324名本科生完美主义与就业焦虑的关系及职业决策自我效能感的调节效应分析

目的 探讨本科生完美主义倾向与就业焦虑之间的关系及职业决策自我效能感在其中的调节作用,为做好本科生就业指导教育提供一定的理论依据。方法 采用近乎完美主义量表(APS-R)、职业决策自我效能量表(CDMSES)和就业焦虑量表(EAS)对通过方便抽样法抽取的324名本科生进行匿名问卷调查,资料进行t检验、Pearson相关分析及分层回归分析。结果 324名研究对象完美主义得分为(98.31±16.46)分、职业决策自我效能感得分为(132.21±21.91)分、就业焦虑得分为(28.28±9.75)分。完美主义、职业决策自我效能感得分在生源地、本科学制、是否为应届毕业生上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),就业焦虑在生源地、本科学制、是否为应届毕业生上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。职业决策自我效能感与完美主义总体呈正相关(r=0.220,P<0.01),就业焦虑与职业决策自我效能感呈负相关(r=-0.203,P<0.01);职业决策自我效能感在完美主义与就业焦虑之间起到调节作用(β=0.132,P<0.01)。结论 本科生追求完美主义的倾向、职业决策自我效能感与就业焦虑的关系密切,职业决策自我效能感在完美主义倾向与就业焦虑之间有调节作用。提高本科生职业决策自我效能感,能够缓解因完美主义而带来的就业焦虑,有利于本科生更好的就业。

Relationship between perfectionism and employment anxiety of 324 undergraduates in a university and mediating effect of career decision-making self-efficacy

Objective To explore the relationship between perfectionism tendency and employment anxiety of undergraduates and the moderating role of career decision-making self-efficacy, so as to provide a theoretical evidence for career guidance education. Methods A total of 324 undergraduates were investigated by anonymous questionnaire using the Almost Perfectionism Scale (APS-R), Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Scale (CDMSES) and Employment Anxiety Scale (EAS). The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Results Totally 324 subjects had perfectionism score (98.31±16.46), career decision-making self-efficacy (132.21±21.91) and employment anxiety (28.28±9.75). There were no significant differences in perfectionism and career decision-making self-efficacy scores in the place of origin, undergraduate education system and whether they were fresh graduates (P>0.05), and there were significant differences in employment anxiety in the place of origin, undergraduate education system and whether they were fresh graduates (P<0.05). Career decision-making self-efficacy was positively correlated with perfectionism (r=0.220, P<0.01), and employment anxiety was negatively correlated with career decision-making self-efficacy (r=-0.203, P<0.01). Career decision-making self-efficacy played a moderating role between perfectionism and employment anxiety (β=0.132, P<0.01). Conclusion The undergraduates' tendency to pursue perfectionism, career decision-making self-efficacy and employment anxiety are closely related. Career decision-making self-efficacy can regulate the relationship between perfectionism and employment anxiety. Improving undergraduates' career decision-making self-efficacy can alleviate the employment anxiety caused by perfectionism, which is conducive to the better employment of undergraduates.